hasil data penelitian

Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat %

10 20 30 10Nilai Kuat Nilai Kuat Nilai Kuat NilaiKalor Tekan Kalor Tekan Kalor Tekan Kalor(kal/g) (kg/cm² ) (kal/g) (kg/cm² ) (kal/g) (kg/cm² ) (kal/g)

207908 43.15 7908 46.07 6854 53.46

207908

7908 18.03 7908 46.08 6677 48.79 79088059 28.75 7205 45.8 6677 43.05 8059

Jumlah 23875 89.33 23.021 137.95 20208 145.3 Jumlah 23875Rataan 7958.33 29.98 7673.67 45.98 6736 48.43 Rataan 7958.333

408075 31.91 6502 69.4 7205 53.85

407437

8075 31.32 6502 58.75 7205 42.79 74368259 37.68 6853 60.1 7205 45.96 7436

Jumlah 22309 100.91 19857 188.25 20615 142.6 Jumlah 22309Rataan 7436.33 33.64 6618 62.75 7205 47.53 Rataan 7436.333

606502 25.43 5799 60.02 6150 54.72

606502

6677 60.89 5799 23.39 6556 29.85 66776677 30.09 6150 49.12 5259 65.17 6677

Jumlah 19856 116.41 17748 132.53 17965 149.74 Jumlah 19856Rataan 6618.67 38.8 5916 44.18 5988.3 49.91 Rataan 6618.667

Ukuran Partikel (mesh)


Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat %

10 10 10 10Kuat Nilai Nilai Kerapatan Nilai

Tekan Kalor Kalor Briket Kalor(kg/cm² ) (%) (kal/g) (%)

43.1520

5942 0.67218.03 6150 0.68828.75 6090 0.69189.93 0.700

29.97667 100% 77% Jumlah 18182 2.75131.91 Rataan 6061 0.688 100%31.32

405664 0.769

37.68 5663 0.774100.91 5663 0.768

33.63667 93% 87% 0.77825.43 Jumlah 16990 3.08960.89 Rataan 5663 0.772 93%30.09

605042 0.871

116.41 5041 0.86038.80333 83% 100% 5039 0.860

0.871Jumlah 15122 3.462 83%Rataan 5041 0.865

804499 0.8914400 0.9004402 0.890

0.891Jumlah 13301 3.572 73%Rataan 4434 0.893


(g/cmᵌ)

Persen Perekat %

10Kuat

Tekan(%) )

77% [085299976726]

87%

97%

100%

Ongkos 400000Memori 360000

7600009995000703000029650002205000 1355000

Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat % Pengaruh ukuran partikel butiran arang cangkang kemiri terhadap kerapatan briket yang dihasilkan

10 10Nilai Kerapatan Nilai KerapatanKalor Briket Kalor Briket(kal/g) (%) (%) ) 20

205942 0.672 406150 0.688 606090 0.691 80

0.700Jumlah 18182 2.751Rataan 6061 0.688 73% 77%

406200 0.7766210 0.7746220 0.768

0.778Jumlah 18630 3.096Rataan 6210 0.774 75% 87%

606353 0.8716358 0.8606343 0.860

0.871Jumlah 19054 3.462Rataan 6351 0.865 77% 97%

806500 0.8916510 0.9006600 0.890

0.891Jumlah 19610 3.572Rataan 6537 0.893 79% 100%


Ukuran Partikel, μ (mesh)

(g/cmᵌ)

Pengaruh ukuran partikel butiran arang cangkang kemiri terhadap kerapatan briket yang dihasilkan

0.6880.7740.8650.891

Kerapatan Briket, ρ (g/cmᵌ)

20 30 40 50 60 70 800.650

0.700

0.750

0.800

0.850

0.900f(x) = 0.00350625 x + 0.62925R² = 0.954336802921222

Ukuran Partikel Butiran, μ (mesh)

Ker

apat

an B

rike

t, ρ

(g/c

mᵌ)

20 30 40 50 60 70 800.650

0.700

0.750

0.800

0.850

0.900f(x) = 0.00350625 x + 0.62925R² = 0.954336802921222

Ukuran Partikel Butiran, μ (mesh)

Ker

apat

an B

rike

t, ρ

(g/c

mᵌ)

Kondisi bahan baku :% Perekat 10%Ukuran partikel arang 20 meshBeban tekan

No Kode Sampel Berat Sampel Suhu Awal Suhu Akhir1 CANGKANG KEMIRI 1 0.9432 25.07 27.352 CANGKANG KEMIRI 2 1.1710 25.43 28.363 CANGKANG KEMIRI 3 1.1019 25.18 27.91

Total 3.2161 75.68 83.62Rata2 1.0720 25.23 27.87

Nama Briket Beban tekan = B (kg)

350 0.672400 0.688

Cangkang Kemiri 450 0.691500 0.7

Nilai Rata-Rata 0.688

ρ =g/cm³.10-3

Energi (Kkal/Kg) 1 L 1594261506090

181826061

q m.cp.dT

1.7 kg/L1700 gr/L

1.7

ρ = m/vm =ρv

gr/cmᵌ

Pengaruh komposisi campuran arang cangkang kemiri – perekat kanji terhadap nilai kalori dan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran

Komposisi

Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat %10 10

Nilai Kerapatan Nilai KuatKalor Briket Kalor Tekan(kal/g) (%) (%) ) 90% : 10%

90% : 10% 5941.73 0.672 80% : 20%6150.248 0.688 70% : 30%

6089.79 0.691 60% : 40%0.7

Jumlah 18181.77 2.751Rataan 6060.589 0.68775 1 0.77268

80% : 20% 5664 0.7695663 0.7745663 0.768

0.778Jumlah 16990 3.089Rataan 5663.333 0.77225 0.934453 0.867615

70% : 30% 5042 0.8715041 0.865039 0.86

0.871Jumlah 15122 3.462 0.831712 0.972381Rataan 5040.667 0.8655

60% : 40% 4499 0.8914400 0.94402 0.89

0.891Jumlah 13301 3.572 0.731557 1.003277Rataan 4433.667 0.893

Rasio Arang - Perekat Kanji

(g/cmᵌ)


6061566350414434

Nilai Kalor (kal/g)

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

Rasio Arang Kemiri - Perekat Kanji

Nila

i Kal

or (

kal/g

)

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500


Nila

i Kal

or (

kal/g

)


Komposisi

Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat %10 10

Nilai Kerapatan Nilai KuatKalor Briket Kalor Tekan(kal/g) (g/cmᵌ) (%) (%) ) 90% : 10%

90% : 10% 5941.73 0.672 80% : 20%6150.248 0.688 70% : 30%

6089.79 0.691 60% : 40%0.7

Jumlah 18181.77 2.751Rataan 6060.589 0.68775 1 0.77268

80% : 20% 5664 0.7695663 0.774 90% : 10%5663 0.768 80% : 20%

0.778 70% : 30%Jumlah 16990 3.089 60% : 40%Rataan 5663.333 0.77225 0.934453 0.867615

70% : 30% 5042 0.8715041 0.865039 0.86

0.871Jumlah 15122 3.462 0.831712 0.972381Rataan 5040.667 0.8655

60% : 40% 4499 0.8914400 0.94402 0.89

0.891Jumlah 13301 3.572 0.731557 1.003277Rataan 4433.667 0.893

90% : 10%80% : 20%70% : 30%




60% : 40%


1.200%1.370%1.530%1.650%

0.042%0.048%0.054%0.058%

0.025%0.028%0.032%

Emisi Gas Buang CO

Emisi Gas Buang NOx

Emisi Gas Buang HC

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%1.000%

1.100%

1.200%

1.300%

1.400%

1.500%

1.600%

1.700%


Em

isi G

as B

uang

CO

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%0.040%

0.045%

0.050%

0.055%

0.060%


Em

isi G

as B

uang

NO

x

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%0.020%

0.023%

0.025%

0.028%

0.030%

0.033%

0.035%


Em

isi G

as B

uang

HC

0.034%

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%0.020%

0.023%

0.025%

0.028%

0.030%

0.033%

0.035%


Em

isi G

as B

uang

HC

90% : 10% 0.048% 0.042% 0.025% 1.200%80% : 20% 0.055% 0.048% 0.028%70% : 30% 0.061% 0.054% 0.032%60% : 40% 0.066% 0.058% 0.034% 1.650%


Emisi Gas Buang CO * 25

Emisi Gas Buang NOx

Emisi Gas Buang HC

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%1.000%

1.100%

1.200%

1.300%

1.400%

1.500%

1.600%

1.700%


Em

isi G

as B

uang

CO

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%0.005%

0.013%

0.021%

0.029%

0.037%

0.045%

0.053%

0.061%

0.069%

0.077%

Gas CO * 25

Gas NOx

Gas HC


Em

isi G

as B

uang

90% : 10% 80% : 20% 70% : 30% 60% : 40%0.005%

0.013%

0.021%

0.029%

0.037%

0.045%

0.053%

0.061%

0.069%

0.077%

Gas CO * 25

Gas NOx

Gas HC


Em

isi G

as B

uang

Emisi gas buang hasil pembakaran briket :CO 1.201%NOx 421.33 ppmHC 247.80 ppm


Komposisi

Persen Perekat % Persen Perekat %

Komposisi

Emisi Gas Buang10 10

Nilai Kerapatan Nilai KuatKalor Briket Kalor Tekan(kal/g) (g/cmᵌ) (%) (%) )

90% : 10%

5941.73 0.672

90% : 10% 1.20% 421.33

6150.248 0.6886089.79 0.691

0.7Jumlah 18181.77 2.751Rataan 6060.589 0.68775 73% 0.77268

80% : 20% 5664 0.769

80% : 20% 1.37% 479.0464

5663 0.7745663 0.768

0.778Jumlah 16990 3.089Rataan 5663.333 0.77225 83% 0.867615

70% : 30% 5042 0.871

70% : 30% 1.53% 536.7629

5041 0.865039 0.86

0.871Jumlah 15122 3.462 93% 0.972381Rataan 5040.667 0.8655

60% : 40% 4499 0.891

60% : 40% 1.65% 577.1644

4400 0.94402 0.89

0.891Jumlah 13301 3.572 100% 1.003277Rataan 4433.667 0.893

CO (%)

NOx (ppm)

Pengaruh komposisi campuran arang cangkang kemiri – perekat kanji terhadap nilai kalori dan emisi gas buang yang dihasilkan dari pembakaran Konversi ppm ke mg/m^3

Emisi Gas Buang1 ppm 0.0001%

mg/m^3 = (n (ppm) x BM)/24.45

CO (%)

μg/m^3 = ((n (ppm) x BM)/24.45)*10^3

247.80 1.201% 0.042% 0.025%15012.50 564.28 143.81

281.745 1.366% 0.048% 0.028% 17069.01 641.58 163.51

315.69 1.530% 0.054% 0.032% 19125.51 718.88 183.21

339.452 1.645% 0.058% 0.034% 20565.07 772.99 197.00

HC (ppm)

NOx (ppm)

HC (ppm) CO

(mg/Nm3)NOx

(mg/Nm3) HC

(mg/Nm3)

1ppm = M/22.4 mg/Nm3 1ppm = M/22.4 mg/Nm3 mg/Nm3 = 22.4 ppm/M

10.5 ppm

0.0001% = 1 ppm1.201% = 12010 ppm

0.0001% = 1 ppm1.366% = 13655 ppm

0.0001% = 1 ppm1.530% = 15300 ppm

0.0001% = 1 ppm1.65% = 16452 ppm

g 9.807 F m.a980.7

P F/A 1

350 5.31 53100 520751.7 52.08 0.672400 5.75 57500 563902.5 56.39 0.688450 5.88 58800 576651.6 57.67 0.691500 6.00 60000 588420 58.84 0.700

m/s²cm/s² kg/m² * m/s²

m²

Beban Tekan (kg)

Uji Tekan (kg/cm²)

Uji Tekan (kg/m²)

Uji Tekan (N/m²)

Uji Tekan (N/cm²)

Kerapatan Briket (g/cmᵌ)

10000

kg.m/s²kg/m.s²

cm²

52.00 53.00 54.00 55.00 56.00 57.00 58.00 59.000.670

0.675

0.680

0.685

0.690

0.695

0.700

0.705

f(x) = 0.00390296410543405 x + 0.468235023888277R² = 0.975286563785799

Uji Tekan Briket, P (N/cm²)

Ker

apat

an B

rike

t, ρ

(g/

cm³)

52.00 53.00 54.00 55.00 56.00 57.00 58.00 59.000.670

0.675

0.680

0.685

0.690

0.695

0.700

0.705

f(x) = 0.00390296410543405 x + 0.468235023888277R² = 0.975286563785799

Uji Tekan Briket, P (N/cm²)

Ker

apat

an B

rike

t, ρ

(g/

cm³)

P = F/AF = m.gρ = m/vm = ρ.vP = ρ.V.g/A

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