XII Science 1

Tahun Pelajaran 2013/2014

SMAN 1 Cibinong

Jl. Mayor Oking Jayaatmaja no.73

www.sman1-cbi.sch.id

@SCORNER73 @sman1cbn

Explanation Text

Content 1. Speech Production

2. Aurora

3. Rainbows

4. Urine Formation

5. Tsunami

6. Tornado

7. Water Cycle

8. Lightning

Created By :

Aidha Savitri

Anita Indriyani

Annisa Indriyani

Dimas Haryo T. Katarina Ariesta A.

Eka Annisa Desiyana

XII IPA 1

Speech (v) : berbicara Adventagous (adj) : menguntungkan Lungs (n) : paru-paru Trachea (n) : batang tenggorokan Larynx (n) : panggkal tenggorokan Terminate (v) : mengakhiri Velum(n) : bagian langit-langit Nostrils (n) : lubang hidung Expelled (v) : mengeluarkan Vibrate (n) : getar Airflow(np) : aliran udara Articulator (n) : artikulasi muscles (n) : otot Tensed (adj) : menegang

Relaxed (adv) : rileks

Constriction(n) : sesak

Thereby(v) : dengan demikian

Turbulent(adj) : bergolak

Closure(n) : penutupan

Pressure(n) : tekanan

Albruptly(v) :Secara Kasar

Brief(n) :laporan

Nasal cavity(n) : rongga hidung

Oral cavity(n) : rongga mulut

http://www.google.com

http://www.wikipedia.co.id

Dictionary

EXPLANATION TEXT

WHY AURORA’HAPPEN

Annissa Ayu Anjani Faris Raihansyah Lungit Fatmawati

Rizky Alfarabih Sanyori Larnardi

Sifa Silfia

Aurora is an electro-static phenomenon, characterised by a bright glow and caused by the collision of charged

particles in the magnetosphere with atoms in the Earth’s upper atmosphere.

Ultimately, the source lies in the solar wind, a fast-moving stream of particles

constantly flowing from the Sun that carries the Sun’s magnetic field out into

space. The solar wind, typically moving at 250 miles (400 kilometers) per second, flows past Earth’s magnetic field and molds it into an elongated bubble or

cavity, compressing its sunward side and stretching its night side far beyond the

Moon’s orbit.

Under certain conditions, the solar wind’s magnetic field can merge with Earth’s, creating electrical currents that drive protons and electrons into the polar

atmosphere. Powerful events occurring on the Sun can drive enormous changes in the solar wind, increasing both its speed and density and enhancing its effect on Earth.

An aurora is usually observed in the night sky, particularly in the polar zone. For this latter reason, some scientists call it a “polar aurora”

(aurora polaris). Aurora Coloured light in the night sky

near the Earth’s magnetic poles, called aurora borealis (northern

lights) in the northern hemisphere and aurora australis (southern lights) in

the southern hemisphere.

Northern lights is the name of a light phenomenon often seen in the northern regions. The lights have been around since Earth formed an atmosphere The scientific name for the phenomenon is “Aurora Borealis”, aurora for short.

The southern lights or aurora australis, most commonly seen in southern New Zealand. It shows a typical red and green aurora, the nearly vertical rays tracing the earth’s magnetic field lines.

MINI VOCABULARY

• (n) Phenomenon : peristiwa/fenomena

• (n) Collision : tabrakan/benturan

• ()Ultimately : akhirnya

• (v) Lies : terletak

• (v) lie : berbohong

• (n) Cavity : ruang hampa

• (adv) Sunward : menuju ke matahari

• (v) Molds : membentuk

• (adv) Elongated : memperpanjang / memanjang / mengulur

• (adv) Merge : menggabungkan

• (adj) Enormous : besar sekali / sangat

• (n) Density : ketebalan • (v) Enhancing :

meningkatkan • (n) Poles : kutub • (n) Hemisphere : belahan

bumi

• Google.com

• Wikipedia.org

• Dictionary

• Look a head

Resources

WHAT IS A RAINBOW?

A rainbow is an optical and

meteorological phenomenon that is

caused by both reflection and

refraction of light in water droplets

in the Earth's atmosphere, resulting

in a spectrum of light appearing in

the sky.

OVERVIEW A rainbow spans a continuous spectrum of colours. Any distinct bands perceived are an artifact of human colour vision, and no banding of any type is seen in a black-and-white photo of a rainbow, only a smooth gradation of intensity to a maximum, then fading towards the other side. For colours seen by the human eye, the most commonly cited and remembered sequence is Newton's sevenfold red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.

Rainbows can be caused by many forms of airborne water. These include not only rain, but also mist, spray, and airborne dew.

WHEN CAN WE SEE RAINBOW? Rainbows can be observed whenever there are water drops in the air and sunlight shining from behind at a low altitude angle. The most spectacular rainbow displays happen when half the sky is still dark with raining clouds and the observer is at a spot with clear sky in the direction of the sun. The result is a luminous rainbow that contrasts with the darkened background.

HOW DOES IT LOOKS? The colour pattern of a

rainbow is different from

a spectrum, and the

colours are less

saturated. There is

spectral smearing in a

rainbow owing to the

fact that for any

particular wavelength,

there is a distribution of

exit angles, rather than a

single unvarying angle.

HOW RAINBOWS WERE FORMED?

ARE YOU CURIOUS ABOUT THE PROCESS?

HERE IT IS...

CHECK OUT THE VARIATIONS

Multiple Rainbow

Twinned Rainbow

Tertiary and

quaternary

rainbow

Higher-order

rainbow

Supernumerary

rainbow

Reflected rainbow,

reflection rainbow

Full circle rainbow

Monochrome

Rainbow

Rainbows under

moonlight

Fogbow

Circumhorizontal

arc

Rainbows on Titan

FATHERS OF RAINBOW.. • The classical Greek scholar Aristotle (384–322 BC)

was first to devote serious attention to the rainbow.

• In the Naturales Quaestiones (ca. 65 AD), the Roman

philosopher Seneca the Younger devotes a whole book

to rainbows, heaping up a number of observations and

hypotheses.

• According to Hüseyin Gazi Topdemir, the Persian

physicist and polymath Ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen;

965–1039), attempted to provide a scientific

explanation for the rainbow phenomenon.

LOTS OF FATHERS, RIGHT?

• In Song Dynasty China (960–1279), a polymathic scholar-

official named Shen Kuo (1031–1095) hypothesized that

rainbows were formed by a phenomenon of sunlight

encountering droplets of rain in the air.

• According to Nader El-Bizri, the Persian astronomer, Qutb

al-Din al-Shirazi (1236–1311), gave a fairly accurate

explanation for the rainbow phenomenon.

• Theodoric of Freiberg is known to have given an accurate

theoretical explanation of both the primary and secondary

rainbows in 1307.

• Descartes' 1637 treatise, Discourse on Method, further

advanced this explanation.

• Modern physical descriptions of the rainbow are based on

Mie scattering, work published by Gustav Mie in 1908.

RAINBOW IN CULTURE Rainbows form a significant part of human culture. They occur frequently in mythology, and have been used in the arts. Rainbow flags have been used as a symbol of hope or social change for centuries, featuring as a symbol of the Cooperative movement in the German Peasants' War in the 16th century, as a symbol of peace in Italy, and as a symbol of gay pride and LGBT social movements since the 1970s.

RAINBOW IN MYTHOLOGY • In Greco-Roman mythology, the rainbow was considered to be a path

made by a messenger (Iris) between Earth and Heaven.

• In Chinese mythology, the rainbow was a slit in the sky sealed by

goddess Nüwa using stones of five different colours.

• In Hindu religion, the rainbow is called Indradhanush, meaning "the bow

of Indra, the god of lightning, thunder and rain".

• In Armenian mythology the rainbow is a belt of Tir, a Sun god.

• In Norse Mythology, a rainbow called the Bifröst Bridge connects the

realms of Ásgard and Midgard, homes of the gods and humans,

respectively.

• In New Age and Hindu philosophy, the seven colours of the rainbow

represent the seven chakras, from the first chakra (red) to the

seventh chakra (violet).

CLOSING

• THE CONCLUSION FROM THIS EXPLANATION IS ….?

RAINBOW IS A CIRCLE THAT HAS A MIX OF COLORS. HOWEVER, THE

AVERAGE OBSERVER ONLY SEES APPROXIMATELY THE UPPER HALF OF

THE ARC.

RAINBOW WAS FORMED BY THE REFRACTION OF SUNLIGHT ON

RAINDROPS AND PRODUCE SOME MIX OF COLORS.

RED ORANGE YELLOW GREEN BLUE INDIGO VIOLET

TODAY’S VOCABULARIES • REFRACTION (N) : PEMBIASAN

• PHENOMENON (N) : PERWUJUDAN, KEJADIAN, GEJALA

• DROPLETS () : RINTIK

• SPECTRUM (N) : SPEKTRUM

• SPANS (N) : MASA, JANGKA, WAKTU

• DISTINCT (ADJ) : TERANG, JELAS, NYATA

• PERCEIVED (ADV) : MERASA

• SEVENFOLD (ADJ) : TUJUH KALI

• AIRBORNE (ADJ) : ADA DI UDARA, TERBANG

• MIST () : BERKABUT

• DEW (N) : EMBUN

• ALTITUDE ANGLE (N) : KETINGGIAN SUDUT

• LUMINOUS (ADJ) : BERCAHAYA, BERKILAU

• OBSERVER (N) : PENINJAU, PENGAMAT

• PATTERN (N) : POLA, SUSUNAN GAMBAR

DAN WARNA

• SATURATED (ADJ) : JENUH

• SMEARING () : PELUMURAN

• OWING () : DISEBABKAN OLEH

• WAVELENGTH () : PANJANG GELOMBANG

• UNVARYING (ADJ) : TIDAK BERUBAH

• SUPERNUMERARY (ADJ) : MELEWATI JUMLAH STANDAR

• FOGBOW () : LENGKUNGAN KABUT

• SCHOLAR (N) : SARJANA, PELAJAR

• DEVOTE (ADV) : MENCURAHKAN, MENYEDIAKAN

• HEAPING (ADV) : MENUMPUK

• POLYMATH (N) : ORANG YANG AHLI DALAM

BERBAGAI BIDANG

• ATTEMPTED (ADV) : MENCOBA

• ENCOUNTERING (ADV) : TEMU

• TREATISE (N) : KARYA TULIS

• DISCOURSE (N) : PERCAKAPAN

• SCATTERING (ADV) : MENYEBAR

• OCCUR (ADV) : TERJADI

• FREQUENTLY () : SERING KALI

• PEASANTS (N) : PETANI

• PRIDE (N) : KEBANGGAAN

• SLIT (N) : CELAH

• SEALED () : TERTUTUP

• GODDESS (N) : DEWI

• REALMS (N) : DUNIA, ALAM, KERAJAAN

• RESPECTIVELY () : MASING-MASING, BERTURUT-TURUT

REFERENCES Look Ahead 3

Developing English Competencies For Grade

XII

SPM (Seri Pendalaman Materi) Bahasa

Inggris

Dictionary

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rainbow

How Does The Process Of Urine Formation? Adellia Sallwa Baqarizky

Febrian Reynaldi

Khansa Zera Putritama

Oktavia Rianti

Sekar Arum Sari

XII IPA 1

General Statement

A Sequenced Explanation

Closing

As a device of excretion, the kidney has a role in the process of urine formation. Urine is a liquid that contains substances which are not used by the body and then it’ll be excreted through the urethra. The process of formation of urine occurs through the three stages, namely filtration, reabsorption, and augmentation.

Before that, the blood carries remains of metabolism, protein will get into the kidney through the bloodstream and then it’ll come into the glomerular.

BACK TO...

In the glomerular, the substances of the blood will be refined. The substances that can pass the glomerular filter are substances that have small molecule, such as water, salts, ammonia, urea, and sugar. Then, they called filtranglomerulus. Filtranglomerulus get into the Bowman's capsule and it’ll be accommodated. Then it will be continued to the proximal tubule.

In the proximal tubule, reabsorption of substances (that are still required) will occur, namely glucose, ammonia, salt, and sugar. And in the Henle’s curve, substances that are reabsorpted, such as water, K, Fe, and Na. While the other substances that are not absorbed will become the primary urine.

The primary urine get into the distal tubule and will happen augmentation, the addition of substances that are not used to the primary urine to become the secondary urine. The secondary urine is the real urine.

Secondary urine is accommodated in the colecta tubule, then it’ll be continued to the ureter and it’s reaccommodated in the bag before it’s excreted from the body through the urethra.

PICTURE

BACK TO...

The process of urine formation occurs through three steps, namely filtration, reabsorption, and augmentation. The final result of it is the secondary urine that contains substances which are not used by human body.

1. Device (N) : Alat

2. Excretion (N) : Pengeluaran

3. Excrete-Excreted-Excreted (V) : Mengeluarkan

4. Kidney (N) : Ginjal

5. Liquid (N) : Cairan

6. Contain-Contained-Contained (V) : Mengandung

7. Substance(s) (N) : Zat

8. Urine (N) : Air Seni/Kencing

9. Urethra (N) : Saluran Kencing

10. Formation (N) : Pembentukan

11. Blood (N) : Darah

13. Remain (N) : Sisa 14. Carry-Carried-Carried (V) : Membawa 15. Bloodstream (N) : Pembuluh Darah 16. Metabolism (N) : Metabolisme 17. Use-Used-Used (V) : Menggunakan 18. Glomerular (N) : Glomerulus 19. Occur-Occurred-Occurred (V) : Terjadi 20. Refine-Refined-Refined (V) : Menyaring 21. Pass-Passed-Passed (V) : Melewati 22. Filter (N) : Saringan 23. Molecule (N) : Molekul 24. Bowman’s Capsule (N) : Kapsula Bowman 25. Proximal Tubule (N) : Tubulus Proksimal 26. Glucose (N) : Glukosa 27. Ammonia (N) : Amonia

28. Distal Tubule (N) : Tubulus Distal

29. Colecta Tubule (N) : Tubulus Kolekta

30. Require-Required-Required (V) : Memerlukan

31. Henle’s Curve (N) : Lengkung Henle

32. Absorb-Absorbed-Absorbed (V) : Menyerap

33. Primary Urine (N) : Urin Primer

34. Secondary Urine (N) : Urin Sekunder

35. Addition (N) : Penambahan

36. Real (N) : Nyata/Sesungguhnya

37. Bag (N) : Kantung Kemih

38. Accommodate-Accommodated- : Menampung

Accommodated (V)

• http://urine-formation-process-di.html

• An English-Indonesian Dictionary by John M. Echols and Hassan Shadily.

• Look Ahead Book for Senior High School Year XII Science or Social Program.

Anggara Dirga P

Devinta Wardhani

Harlan Topa

Meutia Ramadhani S

Nadya Lailyshofa

BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA: June 23, 2004

A satellite image of the waterfront area of Aceh

province's capital city before the tsunami.

BANDA ACEH, INDONESIA: December 28, 2004

An image taken after the tsunami shows destroyed

housing and the shoreline nearly wiped out.

Tsunamis, on the other hand, can be caused by a few different means:

earthquake

a large-scale undersea landslide

a submarine volcanic eruption

a large meteor or asteroid impact at sea

How Earthquakes Cause Tsunamis The illustration below shows a subduction earthquake

(one where a denser plates shifts below its neighboring plate, at left). Energy is transferred and the displaced water forms a wave. As the wave travels and enters shallower water in the coastal area, it begins to increase in amplitude.

TSUNAMI - water wave generated by earthquake

NY Times

How Landslides Cause Tsunamis

Landslides are similar to volcanoes that avalanche into the sea. They occur in the water and often are triggered by earthquakes. There is an instance in 1958 where a tsunami was caused by rockfall in Lituya Bay, Alaska. In this instance, a gigantic boulder was loosed by an earthquake and fell into the bay causing a tsunami that went out to sea.

How Volcanic eruptions Cause Tsunamis

There are two different ways that volcanoes can cause seismic

waves. One possibility is for a land-based volcano to break down and collapse, forcing large amounts of ash and debris into the water. This sudden change and displacement of the water column transfers to kinetic energy and results in waves

PLATE TECTONICS IS DESTRUCTIVE TO HUMAN

SOCIETY

Mt Saint Helens 1980 eruption

earthquake

How The Tsunami may effect us

Tsunamis can cause as follows :

1. They can destroy lives/drowned loved ones.

2. Wash away properties.

3. Wash away and drowned pets.

4. The sound will make you scared and after it happens you might not be able to sleep well because you might hear the sound of a tsunami at night.

5. You won’t have anything to live like: Food, clothes, shelter, beds and blankets.

Closing

The term tsunami has its origins in the Japanese language; an English equivalent is "seismic sea waves." Tsunamis are often incorrectly interchanged with the term" tidal waves," which refer to high waves of water caused by changes in the flow and surge of the ocean. Tsunamis, on the other hand, can be caused by a few different means. And than tsunami also have many effect for us.

Today Vocabularies • Spread (N) : Menyebar

• Harbor Wave (n) :Gelombang di Pelabuhan

• Resemble () : Menyerupai

• Force (N) : Kekuatan

• Amounts (N) : Jumlah

• Ash (N) : Abu

• Debris (N) : Reruntuhan/Puing

• Avalanche (N) : Batu Longsor

References : Look A-Head

Google.com

Wikipedia.com

How does the Tornado Occur?

Tornado is the most damaging storm. In the Sumatra region is called "Wind Bohorok" and there are still other designations. Tornadoes often occur in the afternoon or evening on the season of transition. Tornado is air column which rotate very fast and form relation between cumulonimbus cloud. Tornado usually has wind velocity between 177 km/hours or more with reach average 75 meters and attack several kilometers before disappearing. Characteristics of a tornado is coming in the daytime view the white clouds that towered like cauliflower, then develop into dark clouds with cold air blowing, and the trees are begun to shake by the wind to the left and right, not long before the faster winds and heavy rain followed by and sometimes accompanied by hail.

Before tornado happens, it has several signal. First, the sky seems dark. Then happen ice rain around the area, usually 20-25 minutes. After that, the situation will calm, but the sky become darker. Fourth, cloud moving around the area. Fifth, the sound of tornado heard. At the beginning, the sound like water fall, but in the process of time it will change until like jet plane which is very loud

There is a clear set of steps in the formation of a tornado. First, just before the thunderstorm develops, a change in wind direction and an increase in wind speed, at an increasing altitude, creates an invisible horizontal spinning effect in the lower atmosphere. Wind sliding is created by when winds at two different altitudes blow at two different speeds. It is one way the rotation appears to happen.

Second, rising air within the thunderstorm’s updraft tilts and the air rotating from horizontal to vertical. Next, An area of rotation, 2-6 miles wide is contained within a vast majority of the storm. The strongest, most violent tornadoes form within this area of rotation. After that, a lower cloud base in the center of the storm becomes a rotating wall cloud.

Tornado is created by the rain and hail in the thunderstorm and makes the funnel to touch down. Lastly, just a very few minutes later, a tornado develops and starts to wreak its destruction.

Formation

Maturity

Demise

THE PHASES OF TORNADO

Occurring in a cloud rising air currents upward strong.

Yet drop of rain the drops of water or ice crystals still

restrained by air currents rise to the top of the clouds.

MATURITY

1. The water dots not restrained by

air up to the clouds.

2. It rains caused the string between rising

air currents and down. The mass of air temperature down is

cooler than its air.

3. Between air currents up and down may arise

whirling the current slide

forming a vortex.

4. A current of air whirling faster, this

resembling a cyclone that "bootlick" the

earth as wind waterspout.

DDEMISE

No air mass up . The mass of

air down extends across

the clouds.

Condensation stop.

Air down weaken to cloud growth

completed columbus.

Positive effects Negative effects

Based on the explanation above, tornado is the most damaging storm. The tornado is formed by during the storm cold air and warm air combine. The cold air goes drops as the warm air rises. The warm air eventually twists into a spiral and forms a funnel cloud. The sky turns a very dark color and the tornado begins its destruction. There’re so much the negative effect of tornado more than the positive of it.

Today’s Vocabularies 1. (n) Designation : Penyebutan

2. (n) Velocity : Kecepatan

3. (n) Cauliflower :Kembang Kol

4. (adj) Average : Rata-rata

5. (v) Disappear : Menghilang

6. (n) Hail : Hujan es

7. (n) Thunderstorm : Hujan badai

8. (v) Increase : Meningkat

9. (n) Altitude : Ketinggian

10. (adj) Invisible : Tidak terlihat

11. (n) Updraft : Udara yang bergerak ke atas

12. (n) Tilts : Kemiringan

(v) Tilt : Memiringkan

13. (adj) Vast : Luas

14. (n) Majority : Sebagian besar

15. (adj) Violent : Keras

16. (v) Wreak : Melampiaskan

17. (n) Daytime : Siang hari

18. (v) Blow : Meniup

19. (v) Resembling : Menyerupai

20. (n) Funnel : Corong

(v) Funnel : Menyalurkan

21. (n) Waterspout : Putting beliung

22. (n) Maturity : Kematangan

23. (n) Demise : Kematian

24. (adj) Restrained : Terkendali

25. (n) Vortex : Pusaran

26. (v) Whirling : Berputar

27. (v) Extend : Meluas

References www.google.com

www.youtube.com

Dictionary

http://www.windows2universe.org/earth/Atmosphere/tornado/formation.html

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/5328524.stm

http://www.pa.msu.edu/sciencet/ask_st/093092.html

http://maybedinna.blogspot.com/2010/01/explanation-text.html

Created By:

Andhika Akbari Perdana

Anrizqa Dewi Rachmani

Maula Salma Fikriana

Nuryenty Seftianty

Putri Larasati

XII Science 1

The water cycle or hydrologic is a continuous cycle

where water evaporates, travels into the air and becomes

part of a cloud, falls down to earth as precipitation, and then

evaporates again. This repeats again and again in a never-

ending cycle. As water goes through its cycle, it can be a

solid (ice), a liquid (water), or a gas (water vapor). Ice can

change to become water or water vapor. Water can change

to become ice or water vapor. Water vapor can change to

become ice or water.

• Humans use water for drinking, respiration, perspiration, and

elimination of wastes are all part of this cycle

• Large amounts of water are needed for most economic

activities: agriculture and mining, food processing,

manufacturing

• Lakes and rivers provide towns and cities with a means of

discharging wastes

• Generation of electricity from thermal power plants

• Waterways provide transportation

• Recreational activities

• Some people view the rivers and large lakes of this country as

a part of their own identity

It happens when the temperature and the

atmospheric pressure are right. Larger droplets

and precipitation occur is formed by the small

droplets of water in clouds. The raindrops fall

to earth occurs when so much water has

condensed that the air cannot hold it anymore.

The clouds get heavy and water falls back to

the earth in the form of rain, hail, sleet or snow

Important process where

rain water soaks into the

ground, through the soil

and underlying rock layers.

The flow of water from the

ground surface into the

ground. Once infiltrated, the

water becomes soil

moisture or groundwater.

Movement of water underground is called

groundwater flow . The spaces and cracks

particles between the soil is moved by

groundwater slowly on its journey to lower

elevations.

The movement of land water to the oceans,

mainly in the form of rivers, lakes, and streams,

consists of precipitation that neither

evaporates, transpires nor penetrates the

surface to become groundwater. Excess runoff

can lead to flooding, which occurs when there

is too much precipitation

A process that

happens through plants.

Water from the soil is

absorbed by the plants,

the roots through the

stems to the leaves are

moved by the water. Once

the leaves are reached by

the water, some of it

evaporates from the

leaves, adding to the

amount of water vapor in

the air.

The process where a liquid, in this case water,

changes from its liquid state to a gaseous state.

Water in rivers or lakes or the ocean and turn it

into vapor or steam are heated up by the sun. The

water vapor or steam then leaves the river, lake,

or ocean and goes into the air.

Water in its gaseous state-instead of liquid

or solid (ice) is totally invisible, extremely

important to the weather and climate. Without it,

there would be no clouds or rain or snow. All of

the water vapor that evaporates from the

surface of the Earth eventually returns as

precipitation - rain or snow.

Formation of liquid drops from water vapor

occurs when a parcel of rising air expands and

cools. These clouds may produce precipitation,

which is the primary route for water to return to

the Earth's surface within the water cycle

When water falls back to earth as

precipitation, it may fall back in the oceans,

lakes or rivers or it may end up on land. When it

ends up on land, it will either be soaked into the

earth and become part of the “ground water”

that plants and animals use to drink. It may run

over the soil and collect in the oceans, lakes or

rivers where the cycle starts all over again.

The water cycle is called the hydrologic cycle. In the hydrologic

cycle, water from oceans, lakes, swamps, rivers, plants, and even you,

can turn into water vapor. Water vapor condenses into millions of tiny

droplets that form clouds. Clouds lose their water as rain or snow,

which is called precipitation. Precipitation is either absorbed into the

ground or runs off into rivers. Water that was absorbed into the

ground is taken up by plants. Plants lose water from their surfaces as

vapor back into the atmosphere. Water that runs off into rivers flows

into ponds, lakes, or oceans where it evaporates back into the

atmosphere. The cycle continues.

Today’s Vocabulary

Verb 1 Verb 2 Verb 3 Meaning

Lower Lowered Lowered Menurunkan

Penetrate (s) Penetrated Penetrated Menembus

Occur(s) Occurred Occurred Terjadi

Evaporate(s) Evaporated Evaporated Menguap

Expand Expanded Expanded Memperluas

Condense Condensed Condensed Mengembun

Discharge Discharged Discharged Mengeluarkan

Today’s Vocabulary • (adj) Gaseous : Dalam bentuk gas

• (n) Steam : Uap air (panas)

• (n) Heated : Panas

• (n) Surface : Permukaan

• (adv) Eventually : Secepatnya

• (n) Swamp : Rawa

• (n) Droplet : Titik kecil

• (adj) Invicible : Tak terlihat

• (n) Formation : Pembentukan

• (n) Crack(s) : Retak

• (n) Elevation : Peninggian

• (n) Excess : Kelebihan

Today’s Vocabulary • (n) Waterway(s) : Jalan Air

• (n) Hail : Hujan Es

• (n) Moisture : Embun

• (n) Waste(s) : Limbah

• (n) Mining : pertambangan

• (adj) Soaked : Direndam

• (n) Precipitation : Hujan

• (adj) Absorbed : Serapan, terserap

• (adj) Stem(s) : Tangki

• (n) Vapor : Uap air

• http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/astr

onomy/planets/earth/watercycle.shtml

• Water Cycle. Wikipedia.

http://en.wkipedia.org/wiki/water_cycle

• The Water Cycle.

http://www.kidzone.ws/water/

• http://www.slideshare.com

• http://google.com

• Dictionary

LIGHTNING

THE CYCLE OF LIGHTNING

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Production, Aurora, Rainbows, Urine Formation, Tsunami, Tornado, Water Cycle, and Lightning.

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