8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

1/13

MACAM-MACAM KALIMAT

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

2/13

TENSESTenses

Formulas Keterangan waktu

Pre

se

nt

Simple

present

N S+is/am/are+C every, Always/never/ rerely/

sometimes/ often/usualy, on,inV S+Vs/es

resent !ontiN S+is/am/are+C Now, at t"e moment/ at present/

t"is momentV S+is/am/are+Vin#

resent

erfe!t

N S+"as/"ave+$een+C Sin!e, for, alrea%y, &ust, not yet'

So far, t"ree timeV S+(as/"ave+V)resent

erfe!t

Conti

N S+"as/"ave+$een+CSin!e, for

V S+ (as/"ave+ $een+ Vin#

Pa

st

Simple astN S+ was/were+ C

*ester%ay, ust now, last, a#oV S+ V

ast Conti

N S+ was/were+ C

"en, w"ile, atV S + as/were + Vin#

ast erfe!tN S + (a% $een + C

.efore, after, w"enV S + "a% + V)

ast erfe!t

Conti

N S + (a% $een + C$efore, for

V S + "a% + $een + Vin#

Fut

ure

Simple

uture

N S + will/s"all + $e + C tomorrow, ne0t, toni#"t, in t"e

future, t"is wee1en% in 2ve %ayV S + will/s"all + V

uture ContiN S + will/s"all + $e + C

atV S + will/s"all + $e + Vin#

uture

erfe!t

N S + s"all/will + "ave $een+C.efore, $y, for

V S + s"all/will + "ave + V)uture

erfe!tConti

N S + s"all/will + "ave $een+C

$yV S+s"all/will+"ave $een+Vin#

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

3/13

CONDITIONAL TENSES/ PENGANDAIAN

Type Formula Keterangan

utureif + S+ V_s/es S + will/can/may +

resent uturewe can play chess if my headache disappears

resent

if + S + ! S + woul" + V# was ti%a1 %ipa1ai

%lm tipe ini "anya

were

ast past future

if I had time, I would go to your house

ast

$f + S + %a" + V&

S +

woul"/coul"/mig%t+%ae+&

ast perpe!t ast uture erpe!thad she got money, she would have bought car

S + V as if/as t%oug% + S+ V! resent ast

He always speaks as if he were an expert on his

eld

S + V

as if/as t"ou#"t + S + (a%

+ V)ast ast erpe!t

Herman smiled as though he had felt happy

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

4/13

'on"itionalwis%

Type Formula Keterangan

uture wis"

S + wis%+

(t%at)

'oul"/woul" + V#

suatu 1e&a%ian

yan# ti%a1 a1an

perna" ter&a%isaat ini %an y#

a1an %atan#

were + VingI wish that you could help me nish this

workresent

wis"

S+ wis% +(t%at) + S + V!

we wish that they visited us soon

ast wis"

S + wis% +

(t%at) + S +

*a" + V&

'oul" %ae +V&I wish that she had nished her study last

month

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

5/13

turan $

Main Clause Su$or%inate !lause

ast + 4t"at5 astI 1new t"at "e was unwell

resent Semua tenses

uture Tenses Semua tenses

SE,-EN'ES .F TENSES/--TN KT KE0 1EN--T2KT-

turan $$ untuk menun3ukkan ke4enaran umum

Main Clause Su$or%inate !lause

ast + 4t"at5 resent

6alileo foun% t"at t"e eart" moves roun% t"e sun

turan $$$ T%anMain Clause Su$or%inate !lause

ast 4t"an5 Semua tenses

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

6/13

$NF$N$T$VE 5N 6E-N5A%a %ua in2nitive7 in2nitive wit" to, an% in2nitivewit"out toen##unaan in2nitive wit"out to &i1a %ipa1aisetela" 1ata

Can-!oul%, may-mi#"t, must, "ave/"as/"a%, s"all-s"oul%, will-woul%, Let,ma1e,"elp80'

*ou s"oul% meet your mot"er you "ave to let me#o

Kata 1er&a $erfun#si se$a#ai 1ata$en%a 4#erun%5 9i#una1an se$a#ai su$&e1

1alimat Men#i1uti 1ata 1er&a $eri1ut

:esent Avoi% ostpone 4menun%a5 8n&oy

5eny ra!ti!e Appre!iate :esist 4menola15Su##est Can;t "elp :eport inis"

Miss >>>'+in#Ex. it is no use tryingto meet her

Kata $eri1ut $isa %ii1uti #erun% maupunin2nitive

.e#in Continu

e

Can;t

stan%

9rea%

4ta1ut5

(ate Love Li1e prefer

re#ret try start

Ex. Start to study start studying

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

7/13

'7-SES (relatie pronoun82*./2*.1/2*.SE/2*$'*/T*T)

#9 2%ountu1 orangyan# $er1e%u%u1an se$a#ai su43ekEx. !iro whohas won the contest feels very happy

!9 2%omuntu1 orangse$a#ai o43ekEx. "he man whommany people hate is sitting under the tree

&9 2%osemen##anti1an orang/4en"a/4inatangyan# menyata1an kepunyaanEx. "he man whosehair is gray likes dancing

:9 2%ic%untu1 menyata1an 4en"a/4inatangse$a#ai su43ek/o43ekEx. I like the rose #ower whichAndi brought yesterday

;9 T%atuntu1 umum %an $er1e%u%u1an apa sa&a

9epen%ent Clause 4ana1 Kalimat5

:elative pronoun + S

+ V

.e + C

"at you 1now Is not t"e reality:elative pronoun + S

+ V

V + C

T"at you want to "elp Ma1es me "appy

N!louse se$a#ai S N clouse se$a#ai .

S + .e :elative pronoun + S + VAn%ry is #oo% at (ow to mo%ify an ol%

ma!"ine

S + V :elative pronoun + S + V8veryone li1es (ow you spea1 8n#lis"

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

8/13

A' A?@ILIA:* V8:.S/ 1ata 1er&a $antu 4$e, "ave, %o, %are, nee%, use% to,a!!ustome% to5

.e + to + V=

4"arus/%i"arap1an/a1an5

T"e %ire!tor is to 4%i"arap1an5 open t"e meetin#

.e + V) 4%i>, ter>'5 My son is visite% $y "is frien%s almost every%ay*ae+ V) 4tela"/su%a"5 (e%aslive% in > for>

*ae+ to+ V= 4"arus/terpa1sa5 I%ae to#o >'

*a" 4etter + V= 4se$ai1nya5 I %a" 4etter#o >''

Nee"+ to + V= 4"arus/perlu5 untu1

positif

I nee" to solve t"is pro$lem soon

Nee"+ V= 4 perlu/"arus5

ne#ative/tanya

I nee"not #o >'/ nee"I #o>'

' Mo%al Au0iliary 41ata 1er&a $antu mo%al5

Present

Tenses

Past Tense

Can Coul%

May Mi#"t

Must (a% to

S"all S"oul%/ou#"t

to/"a% $etter

will oul%

=' oul% you'' min% +Vin# 4su%i1a"5' oul% you> li1e + to in2nitive 4untu1men#un%an#5

Ex. $ould you like to come %.

)' oul% rat"er 4le$i" su1a5 + V=>'' t"an>'Ex. Andi would rather drink &uice than ice

' Coul%, May, Mi#"t, Must, S"oul%, + "ave+ Ver$)

Ex. "he cause of could have been bacteria

-

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

9/13

5$E'T/$N5$E'T SPEE'*

5$E'T $N5$E'T 5$E'T $N5$E'TV= V Must (a% to

V (a%+V) s"all S"oul%Is/am as ill oul%Are ere Bu#"t to + V= /

$e

Bu#"t to + V) /

$een

(ave/"as (a% Coul% + V= /

$e

Coul% + V) /

$een9o/%oes 9i% Mi#"t + V= /

$e

Mi#"t + V) /

$een

!an Coul% S"oul% + V= /

$e

S"oul% + V) /

$een

May Must oul% + V= /

$e

oul% + V) /

$een

Ex. '!() Andi said) *you should be there at +. am- 'I() He told to me, I should have been there at +.am

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

10/13

PESENT N5 PST PT$'$P7EPresent=' Se$a#ai kat sifat a singing

women' Mem$entu1 present conti

)' Setela" 1ata 1er&a $er1aitan%en#an panca in"raFeel/hear/listen to/fnd/look

at/know/notice(memerhatikan)/observe/perceive(merasa)/See/smell/watch

%%%.. /0ing' Setela" 1ata 1er&acatch-caught/fnd-ound/ %%/

0ingD' Stela" %ae+ B 4melati"5 + Vin#,

ex. He had me drivingin a

weekE' Setela" 1ata

spend/waste/ + epression otime/money/ 0ing

Ex. I spendve billion renovatingmy house

F' Men##anti1an in%u1 1alimatG' 9ua tin%a1an %# B yan# sama %anter&a%i %i wa1tu yan# sama

Ex. He walkaway slammingthedoor

H' S sama %an Suatu tin%a1an %ii1utiole" tin%a1an lainnya

=' Men#un#1ap1an suatu 1e&a%ian ter&a%ise$elum 1e#iatan lain

Ex. "ot #avingbeen notied of thecancelation of time departure, &ames

arrived late==' Ke#iatan ter&a%i se$elum 1e#iatanlainnyaEx. #avingknown the test result, he went

home=' Men##anti1an ana1 1alimat/1alusayan# %imulai as/since/4ecause/w%ile + S+ V

Ex. $alkinghome, he saw re=)' Men##anti1an relatie clause 4ana11alimat pen##anti 1ata sifat5Ex. "he students waitingfor the bus very

tired

Past=' Se$a#ai 1ata sifat

ex. A writtentext

' resent perfe!t tense

)' Men##anti1an S' 9ua 1e#iatan %en#an S sama

Ex.%onvincedthat #ood would hit1akarta, he moved to 2ogor that evening

D' Ke#iatan ter&a%i se$elum1e#iatan lain

Ex. #aving been inormedthat hebecame the winner, he held a thanks

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

11/13

'T$VE N5 PSS$VE V.$'E N5 '-ST$VE VE>

'T$VE N5 PSS$VE V.$'E ??N.TE8Kalimat pasif ti%a1 meru$a"tenses %ari 1alimat a1tif:umus %an !onto"7

=' Simple present/simple past tense

m/is/are/was/were + V& + 4yEx. thirty houses were destroyed by the

tornado

' resent !onti an% past !ontim/is/are/was/were + 4eing + V&

+ 4yEx. active) the committee was

considering several new proposalsPassie7 several new proposals were

4eing consi"ere"$y !ommittee)' resent perfe!t/past perfe!t

*as/%ae/%a" + 4een + V&Ex. 'a() the company has ordered some

new e3uipment'p() some new e3uipment have been

orderedby company

' Mo%al 4e1o"al + 4e + V&

Ex. 'a() my brother will learn

mathematics today'p() mathematics will be learnt by my

D' Mo%als + perfe!t

1o"al + %ae + 4een + (past)Ex. 'a() 4udi should have taken the

medicine this morning'p() the medicine should have been

takenby 4udi this morning

'-ST$VE VE>*ae/get/make(meminta/menye4a4kan/mem4uat)

(a)8 S + *ae + . + V#(a)8 S + get + . + V to in@nitie

(p)8 S + %ae + . + V&

Ex. 'a() I had my friend repair my hp'a() I gotmy hp repaired

'p() my hp was repaired by my friend'p() I gother paper typedthis week

'a() I am gettingher paper typethis week

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

12/13

S->0-N'T$VE

a%ala" 1ata 1er&a tertentusetela" 1ata 1er&a tertentu4su$&un!tive5A%vise

4menase"ati5

:eJuest

4meminta5As1 4meminta5 :eJuire

4mensyarat1an5

Comman%,Stipulate, Br%er

4memerinta"5

Su##est4menyaran1an5

9e!ree4menyata1an5

?r#e 4men%esa15

refer 4le$i" su1a5 9eman%4menuntut5

ropose4men#usul1an5

Insist 4men%esa15

:e!ommen%e%

4mere1omen%asi1an5

Move

4men##era1an5

Inpersonal e0pressions

A%vise%4%inase"at1an5

:e!ommen%e%4%ire1omen%asi1an5

Important 4pentin#5 :eJuire%4%ipersyarat1an5

Man%atory4%isyarat1an5

Su##este%4%isaran1an5

Ne!essary 4perlu5 ?r#ent 4men%esa15

B$li#atory 4wa&i$5 Imperative4%iperinta"1an5

ropose% 4%iusul1an5

S + V + t%at + S + V / it + 4e + a"3ectie + t%at + S + V

80'- we urget%at %eleave now / we urge%im toleave now

- It was re!ommen%e% 4%ire1omen%asi1an5 t"at we wait for t"e result of test

8/9/2019 rangkuman macam-macam kalimat dalam bahasa ingris

13/13

,-EST$.NS N5 ,-EST$.N T6

Preps

tn

,

wor"

N/"

3

A

V

S 1ain

'

"en ill T"e

y

Sin#

"o 9i% *ou Meet(ow 9i% *ou 6et T"ere

"om S"all

I 6ive T"isto

"i!" .oo1 9o *ou ant

(ow Lon# S"all

e ait

at w"at time s"all we 8at

, tag N V '/."at Is T"at"at ent ron#"o Is Sin#in#"o Cam

eTos!"ool

"o Sol% T"eti!1ets

"i!" .oo1 Is T"e $est(owmany

e##s are T"ere

'ara $$

'ara $

A V S 1ainV

./'

9oes 9ewi Live T"ere9o *ou Li1e T"e %ressS"all e 9an!emay i #o it" you

V S '

Is ?#i A #oo%tea!"er

Are T"ey ?sefull $o1swere t"ey (appy

'ara $$$

'ara $V