Download - Net 02 03_lan
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WELCOME
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MIS – 404:
Networking and Operating Systems
Department of BBA MIS
East West University
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Course Outline
1. Computer Network: IntroductionMotivationClassification: LAN, MAN, WAN
2. Network Topology: DefinitionClassification: BUS, TREE, STAR, RING, MESH, HYBRID
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Computer Network
Background of Network When there was no network
Motivation Resource Sharing
Resource Hardware Software Data/Information
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Computer Network
Definition: When a number of computers or devices are
interconnected in a single communication system
growth of number & power of computers is driving need for interconnection
also seeing rapid integration of voice, data, image & video technologies
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History of Computer Network
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History of Computer Network
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Classification
Depending upon the area coverage:
Local Area Network (LAN) Metropolitan Area network (MAN) Wide Area Network (WAN)
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LAN
• LANs consist of the following components:
– Computers – Network interface cards – Peripheral devices – Networking media – Network devices
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LAN
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LAN
• smaller scope– Building or small campus
• usually owned by same organization as attached devices
• data rates much higher• switched LANs, eg Ethernet• wireless LANs
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LAN
• LANs make it possible for businesses that use computer technology to locally share files and printers efficiently, and make internal communications possible.
• A good example of this technology is e-mail.
• They tie data, local communications, and computing equipment together.
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LAN
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LAN
• Some common LAN technologies are: – Ethernet – Token Ring – FDDI
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MAN• Metropolitan Area Network
• A MAN is a network that spans a metropolitan area such as a city or suburban area.
• A MAN usually consists of two or more LANs in a common geographic area.
• For example, a bank with multiple branches may utilize a MAN.
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MAN
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MAN
• middle ground between LAN and WAN• private or public network• high speed• large area• Typically, a service provider is used to connect
two or more LAN sites using private communication lines or optical services.
• A MAN can also be created using wireless bridge technology by beaming signals across public areas.
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WAN: Internet Architecture
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WAN
• span a large geographical area• rely in part on common carrier circuits• alternative technologies used include:
– circuit switching– packet switching– frame relay– Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
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WAN
• WANs are designed to do the following: – Operate over a large geographically separated
areas – Allow users to have real-time communication
capabilities with other users – Provide full-time remote resources connected to
local services – Provide e-mail, World Wide Web, file transfer, and e-
commerce services
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WAN
• Some common WAN technologies are: – Modems – Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) – Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) – Frame Relay – US (T) and Europe (E) Carrier Series – T1, E1, T3,
E3 – Synchronous Optical Network (SONET)
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WAN: Internet Architecture
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Storage Area Network• A SAN is a dedicated, high-performance
network used to move data between servers and storage resources.
• Because it is a separate, dedicated network, it avoids any traffic conflict between clients and servers.
• SAN technology allows high-speed server-to-storage, storage-to-storage, or server-to-server connectivity.
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Storage Area Network
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Storage Area Network• This method uses a separate network infrastructure that relieves
any problems associated with existing network connectivity.
• SANs offer the following features:
– Performance – SANs enable concurrent access of disk or tape arrays by two or more servers at high speeds, providing enhanced system performance.
– Availability – SANs have disaster tolerance built in, because data can be mirrored using a SAN up to 10 kilometers (km) or 6.2 miles away.
– Scalability – Like a LAN/WAN, it can use a variety of technologies. This allows easy relocation of backup data, operations, file migration, and data replication between systems.
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Virtual Private Network (VPN)
• A VPN is a private network that is constructed within a public network infrastructure such as the global Internet.
• Using VPN, a telecommuter can access the network of the company headquarters through the Internet by building a secure tunnel between the telecommuter’s PC and a VPN router in the headquarters.
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Virtual Private Network (VPN)
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Virtual Private Network (VPN)
Benefits of VPN:• A VPN is a service that offers secure, reliable
connectivity over a shared public network infrastructure such as the Internet.
• VPNs maintain the same security and management policies as a private network.
• They are the most cost-effective method of establishing a point-to-point connection between remote users and an enterprise customer's network.
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Intranet
• One common configuration of a LAN is an Intranet.• Intranet Web servers differ from public Web servers in
that the public must have the proper permissions and passwords to access the Intranet of an organization.
• Intranets are designed to permit access by users who have access privileges to the internal LAN of the organization.
• Within an Intranet, Web servers are installed in the network.
• Browser technology is used as the common front end to access information such as financial data or graphical, text-based data stored on those servers.
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Intranet & Extranet
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Extranet
• Extranets refer to applications and services that are Intranet based, and use extended, secure access to external users or enterprises.
• This access is usually accomplished through passwords, user IDs, and other application-level security.
• Therefore, an Extranet is the extension of two or more Intranet strategies with a secure interaction between participant enterprises and their respective intranets.
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Bandwidth
Bandwidth has been defined as the amount of information that can flow through a network in a given time.
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Bandwidth
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Question...???