Download - 3pengaruh an Temperatur Wahyono

5/13/2018 3pengaruh an Temperatur Wahyono - slidepdf.com

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/3pengaruh-an-temperatur-wahyono 1/7

MHYMRNK C}real Zmhekh Memrnk _fl ? Ef% 9 Ymwzm`bmr 2717 8 4?-;7

WMENAR]D WMR]BADAAE Y]D] ZMRDAJAW ZMNAENAE

ZM@B]Y WAJA @KE[AH ZRAOF @]REK BMHAY JAE

ZMRHFEZA@KEAYK 17 - AKR

âd{fef

C}r}yae Zmhekh @myke Wflkzmhekh Emnmrk Ymàraen

Cl% Wrfo% D%Y}jarzf,YD Zm`balaen Hfzah Wfy ?1;; & Y`y, Ymàraen =792;Zmlw%>:>9:1>,>:;;=4=, >:;;=4? $Daezken+ , Oat% >:>29;?

Abyzrah

Kyflayk `mr}wahae àyalad {aen wmezken jala` y{yzm` zmeana lkyzrkh% Badae kyflayk ahae `menala`k wmlmwayae {aen `mr}wahae bmez}h hmnanalae lkyzrkh awabkla zmnaenae {aen jkzmrawae `mla`wa}k

hmh}azae kyflayke{a% Hmnanalae {aen zmrcajk waja yaaz wmralazae ymjaen bmrfwmykbkya `me{mbabhaehmr}yahae alaz ymdkenna hfezke}kzay y{yzm` zmrnaenn}% Badae kyflayk iakr bae{ah jkn}eahae zmr}zaà

ymbanak kyflayk jae wmejkenke waja zraof harmea `m w}e{ak hmh}azae {aen lmbkd zkennk jark waja }jara% Jmenae `mlah}hae wmen}ckae j}a badae }ez}h `menmzmd}k wmraenar}d zmnaenae zm`b}y zmrdajaw

wmr}badae zm`wmraz}r jae wmrbmjaaee{a% Daykl wmen}ckae `me}ec}hae eklak zmnaenae zm`b}y {aen

zmrcajk waja `ke{ah zraof `}rek jae `ke{ah zraof {aen zmrhfeza`keayk akr 17- imejmr}en `mekenhaz ymkrken jmenae hmeakhae zm`wmraz}rm% Daykl wmen}ckae `me}ec}hae zmnaenae zm`b}y waja `ke{ah zraof`}rek lmbkd zkennk jark waja `ke{ah {aen zmrhfeza`keayk akr%

Hazah}eik 3 zmnaenae zm`b}y , kyflayk iakr

1% Wmejad}l}ae

1%1 Lazar Bmlahaen

Ymzkaw wmalazae lkyzrkh `m`mrl}hae kyflayk

{aen bakh, }ez}h `mecana hmaàeae àe}yka

jae wmralazae lkyzrkh waja yaaz bmrfwmrayk

ymdark-dark% Y{yzm` zmnaenae lkyzrkh waja

zmnaenae zkennk à}w}e zmnaenae `memenad waja narj} kej}h jae narn} jkyzrkb}yk

zmrjawaz hf`wfeme {aen jkymb}z

zraeyofràzfr aza} zraof% Zraof aja kyflayk saz

iakr {aen jkymb}z `ke{ah zrfof% @ke{ah zraof

kek ymlake ymbanak kyflayk c}na ymbanak

wmejkenke h}`warae waja zraof zmrymb}z%

Wm ahakae `ke{ah zraof anar bmro}enyk

jmenae bakh jae zmzaw momhzkh , àha

jklah}hae wmenmimhae hmzadaeae{a zmrdajaw

zmnaenae zm`b}y jmenae carah zmrzmez}%

Z}c}ae `mlah}hae wmen}ckae `ke{ah zraofzmrdajaw varkayk zm`wmraz}rm }ez}h

`menmzad}k banakaàea harahzmrkyzkh

d}b}enae aezara wmr}badae zm`wmraz}r jae

zmnaenae zm`b}y% Jkdarawhae wmemlkzkae kek

jkhmzad}k ykoaz {aen jk ahy}j ymdkenna

jmenae `m`wmrzk`baenhae oazfr-oahzfr lake,

jkwahak ymbanak badae kyflayk jae wmejkenke

}ez}h zraeyofràzfr%

1%2 Zkeca}ae W}yzaha

@}da`àj hdfkrk,jhh `mlah}hae zmezaen

wmemlkzkae zmnaenae jajal waja `ke{ah zraof

`mrh JKALA-B jmenae varkayk carah

mlmhzrfja ymzmenad bfla jka`mzmr 4 `` waja

hfejkyk zm wmraz}rm 2;,= jmracaz jae

hmlm`babae }jara >:

Alokae C}eakjk, 2774 `mlah}hae wmemlkzkaezmezaen wmrbaejkenae `ke{ah zraof cmeky

Jkala-B jmenae `ke{ah `myrae y}wmr YAM :7

jkzkeca} jark wmr}badae y}d}e{a% Zmre{aza

`ke{ah zraof cmeky Jkala-B lmbkd bakh

`}z}e{a $ eklak zmnaenae zm`b}ye{a lmbkd

zkennk + jkbaejken `ke{ah `myrae y}wmr YAM

:7%

1%9 Laejayae Zmfrk

4?




Kyflazfr iakr `m klkhk j}a o}enyk {akz}

ymbanak wm`kyad aezara bankae {aen

bmrzmnaenae jmenae bankae {aen zkjah

bmrzmnaenae jae c}na ymbanak wmejkenke

ymdkenna bae{ah jkwahak waja wmralazae

ymwmrzk zraeyofràzfr, wm`}z}y zmeana, y~kzid nmar jae lake-lake% $ Alokae C}eakjk + Kyflayk

iakr {aen jkàhy}j ajalad `ke{ah zraof% Anar

`ke{ah zraof bmro}enyk jmenae bakh jae

h}alkzay `ke{ah zmrca`ke, àha ymbal}`

jkwahak dar}y `m`me}dk yzaejar hmb}z}dae

{aen jkckehae ymwmrzk yzaejar YWLE :;-1,

jmenae `mzfjm }ck KMI 2;? ymwmrzk jkz}ec}hae

waja zabml 1 jkba~ad%

Zabml 1% Yzaejar `ke{ah zraof YWLE :;-1

Ef% Ykoaz @ke{ah Yaz}ae Yzaejar

1 _kyhfykzay 277I Iyz < 2=

2 Zkzkh E{ala 7I 197 <

9 Hajar Aya` @n

HFD&n

< 7%:7

: Zmnaenae

Zm`b}y

H_ & i` 127<

= Hfrfyk

Bmlmraen

- Zkjah

aja

? Hfzfrae <7,17

Zanaenae zm`b}y ajalad zmnaenae {aen

à`w} `mem`b}y hmh}azae jkmlmhzrkh}`

kyflayfr jark y}az} badae kyflayk% Awabkla

y}az} badae wmralazae lkyzrkh jkhmeahae

zmnaenae zkennk{aen jkeakhae zmr}y-`memr}y,

àha waja y}az} yaaz kyflazfr alaz zmrymb}zahae `menala k wmlmwayae `}azae lkyzrkh

$ Arky`}eaejar,A, 277: +% Jala` dal {aen

jm khkae kyflazfr zmrymb}z `menala k

hmnanalae jkmlmhzrkhe{a, hmnanalae kek

`me{mbabhae hmdklaenae zmnaenae jae

àlkre{a ar}y%

Ja{a jmlmhzrkh}` `ke{ah zraof ahae ymlal}

bmr}bad jmenae ajae{a wmr}badae y}d} jae

ahae lmbkd imwaz r}yah awabkla zmrfhykjayk

flmd }jara $Arky`}eaejar, A, 1;4:+% Flmdharmea kz} ja{a jmlmhzrkh}` `ke{ah zraof

dar}y ymlal} jkwaeza}&jk}ck ymiara bmrhala

}ez}h `mecana y}wa{a zmzaw jala hfejkyk

{aen `m`me}dk y{araz%

1%: @mhaeky`m Hmnanalae Kyflayk Iakr

Aja bmbmrawa zmfrk hmnanalae kyflayk saz iakr

ea`}e àykd ymjkhkz jkybaejken jmenae

hmnanalae waja nay aza} }jara% Hmj}a kyflayk

iakr ahae `menkyk imlad aza} r}aen {aen ahae

jkkyflayk jae ymiara ymrmezah `mlal}k wrfymy

hfevmryk `mendklaenhae waeay {aen zk`b}l

ahkbaz r}nk memrnk% Hmzkna kyflayk iakr

imejmr}en jawaz `m wmrbakhk jkrk ymejkrk

$ymlo dmalken+ ckha zmrcajk wmlmwayae `}azae

$jkyidarnm+% Ea`}e hmh}raenae }zaà kyflayk

iakr ajalad `}jad zmrhfeza`keayk% Hmnanalae waja saz iakr kek aezara lake 3

a% Hmnanalae Mlmhzrfekh, zmfrk kek

`mr}wahae wmrl}ayae jark zmfrk

hmnanalae jala` nay

$ Arky`}eaejar,A , 1;49 + arzke{a

wrfymy hmnanalae {aen zmrcajk waja saz

iakr ymr}wa jmenae wrfymy zmrcajke{a

hmnanalae waja nay%

b% Hmnanalae Nmlm b}en, hmnanalae kek

c}na jkymb}z havkzayk `mr}wahae

bmez}h hmnanalae waja saz iakr {aen

jkymbabhae flmd nmlm`b}en’

nmlm`b}en nay jkjalaè{a%

i% Hmnanalae Bfla iakr, y}az} kyflayk

`menaej}en bfla iakr jark cmeky

iakrae lake, àha ahae zmrcajk

hmnanalae ahkbaz hmzkjahyzabklae

zmrymb}z jala` `mjae lkyzrkh%

j% Hmnanalae zah `}rekae wajaz, cmekyhmnanalae {aen jkymbabhae flmd

ajae{a b}zkrae saz wajaz%

Bmbmrawa àia` oaizfr {aen jkwmrhkrahae

`m`wmenar}dk hmzm`b}yae `ke{ah

zraeyofràzfr ymwmrzk l}ay jamrad mlmhzrfja,

carah imlad $naw ywaiken+, wmejkenkeae,

wmra~azae ymbml}` wmàhakae $mlmhzrfja jae

`ke{ah+, wmenar}d hmh}azae jkmlmhzrkh jark

`ke{ah zraeyofr azfr {aen jk}h}r ymrza

hfejkyk wmen}ckae aza} `ke{ah kz} ymejkrk c}na

4>



Wmenar}d wmr}badae y}d} zmrdajaw zmnaenae zm`b}y waja `ke{ah zraof           %%   %%   $âd{fef+

`m`wmenar}dk hmh}azae jkmlmhzrkh `ke{ah

zraeyofràzfr%

Hmzm`b}ayae kyflayk $key}lazkfe brmahjf~e,

key}lazkfe oakl}rm+ jkymbabhae harmea

bmbmrawa dal aezara lake kyflayk zmrymb}z y}jadlaà jkwahak, bmrh}raene{a hmh}azae

jkmlmhzrkh jaeh armea kyflayk zmrymb}z

jkhmeahae zmnaenae lmbkd% Waja wrkeykwe{a

zmnaenae waja kyflazfr `mr}wahae y}az}

zarkhae aza} zmhaeae $yzrmyy+ {aen dar}y

jkla~ae flmd na{a jala` kyflazfr kz} ymejkrk

y}wa{a kyflazfr zkjah zm`b}y% Jala` yzr}hz}r

`flmh}l àzmrkal kyflayk, mlmizrfe-mlmhzrfe

zmrkhaz mraz waja `flmh}le{a, jae khazae kek

`mnajahae wmrla~aeae zmrdajaw zmhaeae

{aen jkymbabhae flmd zmnaenae% Bkla khazaekek w}z}y waja y}az} zm`waz àha kyflayk waja

zm waz kz} dklaen% Bkla waja badae kyflayk

zmrymb}z jkbmrkhae zmnaenae ahae zmrcajk

wmrwkejadae mlmizrfe-mlmhzrfe jark y}az}

`flmh}l hm `flmh}l lakee{a ymdkenna zk`b}l

ar}y hfej}hyk aza} ar}y bfifr% Harahzmrkyzkh

kyflazfr ahae bmr}bad bkal àzmrkal zmrymb}z

hmày}hae y}az} hmzkjah`}rekae $k`w}rkz{+

ymwmrzk ajae{a araen aza} hmlm`babae jala`

kyflayk {aen jawaz `me}r}ehae zmnaenae

zm`b}y%

1%= Ykoazykoaz Lkyzrkh Iakr Kyflayk

Ykoaz-ykoaz lkyzrkh {aen `memez}hae }ec}h

hmrca iakrae ymbanak kyflayk ajalad 3

a% ^kzdyzaej Brmahjf~e hmà`w}ae }ez}h

zkjah `menala k hmzm`b}yae jala`

hfejkyk zmhaeae lkyzrkh $mlmizrki yzrmyy+

{aen zkennk%

b% Hawaykzay lkyzrkh wmr }ekz vfl}`m {aen

`memez}hae wmr kzkvkzay rmlazkoe{a%

@ke{ah wmzrflm}` `mr}wahae y}bzaeyk

efewflar {aen momhzko harmea `mr}wahae

ia`w}rae iakrae dkjrfharbfe% @ke{ah kek

`m`w}e{ak wmr`kzkvkzay hkra-hkra 2 aza}

2%=% Hmzkjahbmrnaez}enae wmr kzkvkzay

y}bzaeyk efewflar waja ormh}meyk

`m`b}az badae kek lmbkd bae{ah jkwahak

jkbaejkenhae jmenae badae {aen bmrykoaz

wflar% @kyale{a akr `m`klkhk wmr`kzkvkzay

>4 }ez}h ormh}meyk =7 Ds, ea`}e dae{a

`m`klkhk wmr`kzkvkzay = }ez}h nmlf`baen

`khrf%

i% Oahzrf ja{a3 Oahzfr jkyykwayk ja{a jark

`ke{ah jk ba~ad zmhaeae bflah balkh jaezkennk ahae `memez}hae }ec}h hmrcae{a

harmea jala` hfejkyk bmrbmbae zmrjawaz

ymc} lad r}nk r}nk jkmlmhzrkh% Oahzfr

jkyykwayk ymbanak }h}rae r}nk r}nk ja{a

`mr}wahae wara`mzmr {aen wmezken bank

habml jae hawaykzfr% @ke{ah

zraeyofràzfr `}rek `m`klkhk oaizfr

jkyykwayk {aen bmrvarkayk aezara 17-: waja

27 fI jae 17 -9 waja ;7 fI waja ormh}meyk

=7 Ds%

j% Rmykykvkzay3 y}az} iakrae jawaz

jknflfenhae ymbanak kyflayk iakr bkla

rmykykvkzaye{a lmbkd bmyar jark 17; ^-`%

waja y{yzm` zmnaenae zkennk

rmykykvkzaye{a {aen jkwmrl}hae }ez}h

àzmrkal kyflayk ajalad 171? ^- aza}

lmbkd $^0fd`+%

2% @mzfjm wmemlkzkae

2% 1 Badae Wmemlkzkae

Wmemlkzkae kek jkàhy}jhae }ez}h `menmzad}k

harahzmrkyzkh jark `ke{ah zraof bmhay {aen

jkwmenar}dk flmd wmr}badae zm`wmraz}r jark

27 jmracaz I ya`wak ?7 jmracaz I% Zmnaenae

zm`b}y badae iakr {aen jkvarkayk zm`wmraz}rm

kek ahae jkhmzad}k ymbmrawa bmyar

wmenar}de{a%

2% 2 Wmralazae Wmen}ckae

1% Yaz} ymz wm`baenhkz zmnaenae zkennk

k`w}ly% Alaz kek zmrjkrk jark

hf`wfeme-hf`wfeme aezara lake 3

a% Zraof }ck ymbanak wmeakh zmnaenae

AI% Zmnaenae wrk`mr bkya

jkvarkayk jark 7 ya`wak 227 vflz

jae zmnaenae yh}ejmr 7 ya`wak

177 hklfvflz%

44




b% Rmn}lazfz, {akz} alaz }ez}h

`menaz}r bmyar hmikle{a zmnaenae

hml}arae jark zraof }ck zmrymb}z%

i% _flz`mzmr, {akz} alaz }ez}h

`men}h}r bmyare{a zmnaenaemoomhzko hml}arae zraof }ck jmenae

yaz}ae hklfvflz%

j% Rmykyzfr wmrmja`, jkn}eahae

}ez}h `mlkej}enk zraeyofràzfr

jark ar}y {aen bmyar yaaz zmrcajk

zmnaenae zm`b}y jae `m`bazayk

ar}y l}i}zae bkla zmrcajk zmnaenae

nanal aza} zm`b}y% Da`bazae waja

rmykyzfr wmrmja` kek jkzmez}hae

jmenae jayar 3

Rj 0 _zz & K

Jkàea 3 Rj 0 rmykyzfr wmrmja` $fd`+

_zz 0 zmnaenae zkennk {aen

jkhmeahae $H_+

K 0 ar}y l}i}zae {aen jkkckehae

$À+

1%Zab}en wmen}ck, }ez}h `men}ck badaezmrdajaw hmà`w}aee{a `meadae

zmnaenae bakh AI à}w}e k`w}ly%

Waja zab}en zmrjawaz 2 mlmhrfja

jmenae carah 2%=`` jae jka mzmr

12%= ``% Badae zab}en zmrb}az jark

okbmr nlayy%

2% Barf`mzmr jae Dknrf`mzmr }ez}h

`men}h}r zmhaeae jae hmlm`babae

}jara%

9% Zdmr`f`mzmr, }ez}h `men}h}r y}d}

waja `ke{ah zraof%

2% 9 Wrfymj}r Wmemlkzkae

a% Badae wmen}ck jkzm`wazhae waja zab}en

wmen}ckae%

b% Wmr}badae y}d} ahae jkbmrkhae waja

badae {aen ahae jk}ck ymy}ak {aen

jkdarawhae $jkr}bad jark y}d} haàr

ya`wak 177f

I jmenae wmr}badae 17f

I+%

i% ]ez}h `màeayhae badae }ck waja

zab}en wmen}ckae jkn}eahae dmazmr, jae

}ez}h `menmzad}k y}d} ymy}ak {aen

jkhmdmejahk jmenae zdmr`f`mzmr%

9% Daykl jae wm`badayae

9%1 Daykl

Daykl wmen}h}rae kek zmlad jk hfrmhyk jmenae

zmhaeae barf`mzmr jae zm`wmraz}r ymzm`waz%

Zabml 2% Daykl wmen}ckae `ke{ah zraof `}rek

Ef% Z $ fI+ _h $hv+

1 27 4,>>

2 2= 4%9?

9 97 ;%7=: 9= 12%=:

= :7 1=%?=

? := 1;,>4

> =7 2:,=7

4 == 24,?7

; ?7 99,;7

17 ?= 9>,17

Zabml 9% Daykl wmen}ckae `ke{ah zraof

zmrhfeza`keayk 17 akr

Ef% Z $ fI+ _h $hv+

1 27 =%;:

2 2= ?,4;

9 97 >,??

: 9= ;,=4

= :7 17,?>

? := ;,;2

> =7 12,>4

4 == 1:,29; ?7 1=,4>

17 ?= 1;,22

9%2 Wm`badayae

Jark daykl wmen}ckae zmrlkdaz bad~a }ez}h

hmeakhae zm`wmraz}rm jmenae ymlaen = jmracaz

Imlyk}y, zmnaenae zm`b}y aezara mlmhzrfja

imej}en eakh ~ala}w}e waja lmvml

zm`wmraz}rm zmrzmez} `me}ec}hae harahzmrkyzkh

badae `me}r}e ymkrken jmenae hmeakhae

zm wmraz}rm% Ymiara }`}` hmeakhae

4;



Wmenar}d wmr}badae y}d} zmrdajaw zmnaenae zm`b}y waja `ke{ah zraof           %%   %%   $âd{fef+

zm wmraz}rm ymkrken jmenae hmeakhae

zmnaenae zm`b}y waja ymla mlmhzrfja%

Jark jaza daykl wmen}ckae badae {aen zmrjawaz

jala` zabml 2, hmeakhae zm`wmraz}rm jark 27

jmracaz Imlyk}y hm 2= jmracaz Imlyk}y zmrcajk wme}r}eae zmnaenae zm`b}ye ymbmyar 7,:1

hklfvflz, ea`}e ymzmlad zm`wmraz}rm 2=

jmracaz Imlyk}y hmazay ymlal} bmrbaejken l}r}y%

Arzke{a ymzkaw zm`wmraz}re{a eakh, àha

zmnaenae zm`b}y c}na eakh%

Daykl wmen}ckae {aen zmrjawaz waja zabml zkna ,

zm`wmraz}rm :7 jmracaz Imlyk}y eakh `mecajk

:= jmracaz Imlyk}y aja wme}r}eae zmnaenae

zm`b}y waja mlmhzrfja {aen aja jala`

`ke{ah zraof {aen zmrhfeza keayk akr 17% E}`}e ymiara hmyml}r}dae hmeakhae

zm`wmraz}rm jkkh}zk jmenae hmeakhae

zmnaenae zm`b}y waja mlmhzrfja zmrymb}z%

:% Hmyk`w}lae

1% Zmnaenae zm`b}y waja `ke{ah zraof

imejmr}en `mekenhaz ymkrken jmenae

hmeakhae zm`wmraz}rm {aen jkvarkayk

bakh {aen `}rek à}w}e {aen

jkia`w}rk jmenae akr%

2% Zmnaenae zm`b}y waja `ke{ah zraof

bmhay lmbkd bmyar jark waja zmnaenae

zm`b}y waja `ke{ah zraof {aen

zmrhfeza`keayk akr 17 %

9% Badae `ke{ah zraof `}rek `}z}e{a

àykd lmbkd bakh jark waja `ke{ah

zmrhfeza`keayk akr, ymdkenna `ke{ah

zraof dar}y zkjah bflmd hmia`w}rae

awaw}e%

=%Jaozar W}yzaha

• Arky`}eaejar,A,1;49, Zmhekh

Zmnaenae Zkennk Y}wlm`me ,

Ndalka Kejfemyka, Caharza%

• Arky`}eaejar,A, 2779 Zmhekh

Zmnaenae Zkennk Y}wlm`me ,

Wraze{a Wara`kza, Caharza%

• Alk C}eakjk, Jhh% 277?, Wmen}ckaeZmnaenae Zm`b}y Waja @ke{ah

Zraof Jmenae Wmr}badae

Zm`wmraz}rm, Wflkzmhekh Emnmrk

Ymàraen%

• Alokae C}eakjk, 2774, wmrbaejkenae

zmnaenae zm`b}y aezara kyflayk

`ke{ah zraof jmenae kyflayk`ke{ah wml}ày `myke YAM, jae

varkayk zm`wmraz}rm, @acalad

Zmhefke, _fl% 19,Jmym`bmr

• Jc}lkl A`rk,Oalk Fhlklay,2779,

Hmh}azae Jae R}nkR}nk

Jkmlmhzrkh Waja @ke{ah

Zraeyofàzfr [aen Jkwmenar}dk

Flmd Hfeza`keayk Akr Jae

Hmeakhae Zm`wmraz}rm, Ym`kear

Eaykfeal, Zmhekh Mlmhzrf

• Hkej,J,1;;9, wmenaezar zmhekh

mhywmrk`mezal zmnaenae zkennk,

KZB, Baej}en%

;7




;1

Download - 3pengaruh an Temperatur Wahyono

Top Related