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K3 Rumah K3 Rumah SakitSakitK3 Rumah K3 Rumah SakitSakit

A.M.Fadhil HayatA.M.Fadhil Hayat

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Rumah SakitRumah Sakit Salah satu tempat bagi masy utk Salah satu tempat bagi masy utk

mendptkan pengobatan & pemeliharaan mendptkan pengobatan & pemeliharaan kes dg bbg fasilitas & peralatan keskes dg bbg fasilitas & peralatan kes

Sbg tempat kerja yg unik & kompleks tdk Sbg tempat kerja yg unik & kompleks tdk saja menyediakan pelayanan kes bagi saja menyediakan pelayanan kes bagi masy, tetapi juga mrp tempat pendidikan masy, tetapi juga mrp tempat pendidikan & penelitian kedokteran& penelitian kedokteran

Apabila tdk dikelola dg baik, segala Apabila tdk dikelola dg baik, segala fasilitas & peralatannya dpt menjadi fasilitas & peralatannya dpt menjadi sumber bahaya keslmt & kes yg potensial, sumber bahaya keslmt & kes yg potensial, t.u. bagi petugas kest.u. bagi petugas kes

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Masalah K3 RS di USAMasalah K3 RS di USA Bagian Bagian maintenancemaintenance: : solventsolvent, asbestos, listrik, , asbestos, listrik,

bising, panasbising, panas Bagian Bagian cleaning servicecleaning service: deterjen, desinfektan, : deterjen, desinfektan,

jarum suntik, dll.jarum suntik, dll. Bagian katering: terpotong jari, tertusuk, luka Bagian katering: terpotong jari, tertusuk, luka

bakar, terpeleset, keletihan, stress kerja dll.bakar, terpeleset, keletihan, stress kerja dll. Teknisi radiologi: radiasi sinar X, radioaktif isotop, Teknisi radiologi: radiasi sinar X, radioaktif isotop,

dll.dll. Perawat: Perawat: back injuriesback injuries, zat kimia beracun, radiasi, , zat kimia beracun, radiasi,

stress akibat stress akibat shift shift kerjakerja Petugas ruang operasi: masalah reproduksi akibat Petugas ruang operasi: masalah reproduksi akibat

gas anestesi, tertusuk, radiasi, dll.gas anestesi, tertusuk, radiasi, dll.

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Kasus kronis & akut pd Kasus kronis & akut pd pekerja RSpekerja RS HipertensiHipertensi Varicus veinsVaricus veins AnemiaAnemia Gangguan ginjalGangguan ginjal Eksim, dermatitisEksim, dermatitis Low back injuriesLow back injuries Gangguan saluran pernapasanGangguan saluran pernapasan Gangguan saluran percernaanGangguan saluran percernaan

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Potensi bahaya di RSPotensi bahaya di RS Pemaparan radiasiPemaparan radiasi Bahan kimia toksikBahan kimia toksik Bahaya biologisBahaya biologis Temperatur ekstrimTemperatur ekstrim KebisinganKebisingan DebuDebu Stress, dll.Stress, dll.

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Tipe hazards di RSTipe hazards di RS Physical exertionPhysical exertion Fire & natural disasterFire & natural disaster Compressed gasCompressed gas Flammable & combustable liquids, Flammable & combustable liquids,

vapors, gasesvapors, gases Electrical equipmentsElectrical equipments

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Tempat kerja risiko tinggi Tempat kerja risiko tinggi di RSdi RS

Central supplyCentral supply Food serviceFood service HousekeepingHousekeeping LaundryLaundry Maintenance Maintenance

engineeringengineering Office areaOffice area

Print shopsPrint shops Patient care areas Patient care areas

(nursing service)(nursing service) PharmacyPharmacy LaboratoriesLaboratories Surgical serviceSurgical service Temporary Temporary

personalpersonal

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Tempat kerja risiko tinggi Tempat kerja risiko tinggi di RSdi RS

Location Location Type of hazardsType of hazards

Central supplyCentral supply Sterilization equipment; sharp objects Sterilization equipment; sharp objects (blade, needles, knive); material handling; (blade, needles, knive); material handling; soaps, detergent, cleaning solutionsoaps, detergent, cleaning solution

Food servicesFood services Handling material; walking on wet & greasy Handling material; walking on wet & greasy floor; faulty equipment: stove hoods; fire floor; faulty equipment: stove hoods; fire extinguiser syst, kitchen equipment; knives, extinguiser syst, kitchen equipment; knives, hot utensils; chemical & physical agent, hot utensils; chemical & physical agent, ammonia, chlorine, drain cleaners; ambient ammonia, chlorine, drain cleaners; ambient heat; microwave radiation;oven cleaners, heat; microwave radiation;oven cleaners, soaps & detergent, cautic solutionsoaps & detergent, cautic solution

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Location Location Type of hazardsType of hazards

HousekeepingHousekeeping X-ray; radioisotops; material handling; chemical X-ray; radioisotops; material handling; chemical & physical agent, soaps, detergent, solvents, & physical agent, soaps, detergent, solvents, cleaners, disinfectants, bacteria & virusescleaners, disinfectants, bacteria & viruses

LaundryLaundry Floor, soiled linens, soaps & detergent, high Floor, soiled linens, soaps & detergent, high temp, heat stress, lifting & material handlingtemp, heat stress, lifting & material handling

Maintenance Maintenance engineeringengineering

Drive belts, tools, blade, electrical equipment, Drive belts, tools, blade, electrical equipment, extention cords, electrical switches, metal extention cords, electrical switches, metal ladders, battery-charging; gasoline, diesel-ladders, battery-charging; gasoline, diesel-powered equipment; paint, solvent, hand tool, powered equipment; paint, solvent, hand tool, fuel, cylinders; trash compactors, compressor, fuel, cylinders; trash compactors, compressor, chemical & physical agent; asbestos, ammonia, chemical & physical agent; asbestos, ammonia, CO, noise, pesticides, waste anesthetic gases, CO, noise, pesticides, waste anesthetic gases, ethylene oxide, welding fumeethylene oxide, welding fume

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Location Location Type of hazardsType of hazards

Office areaOffice area Electrical equipment, carpets, paper & office Electrical equipment, carpets, paper & office material, video display terminalmaterial, video display terminal

Print shopsPrint shops Flammable liquids, ventilation, cutters, printing Flammable liquids, ventilation, cutters, printing equipment, noiseequipment, noise

Patient care areasPatient care areas Physical exertion, needles & sharp instruments, Physical exertion, needles & sharp instruments, obstacle & broken objects, electrical equipment, obstacle & broken objects, electrical equipment, chemical, antineoplastic drugchemical, antineoplastic drug

LaboratoriesLaboratories Equipment, microorganisms, allergic Equipment, microorganisms, allergic sensitization, chemicals, physical stress, sensitization, chemicals, physical stress, laboratory animals, emotional stresslaboratory animals, emotional stress

Surgical serviceSurgical service Anesthetic gases, flammable anesthetic, Anesthetic gases, flammable anesthetic, Compressed gas, scavengingCompressed gas, scavenging

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Bahaya Kecelakaan Kerja Bahaya Kecelakaan Kerja di RSdi RS Ketel uapKetel uap KebakaranKebakaran Bahan radioaktifBahan radioaktif Cedera pd punggung krn Cedera pd punggung krn

mengangkat pasienmengangkat pasien Pekerjaan menyuntikPekerjaan menyuntik Terpeleset/terjatuh Terpeleset/terjatuh

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Penyakit Akibat Kerja di Penyakit Akibat Kerja di RSRS Faktor biologik (kuman patogen dari pasien)Faktor biologik (kuman patogen dari pasien) Faktor kimia (antiseptik pd kulit, gas anatesi, Faktor kimia (antiseptik pd kulit, gas anatesi,

dll.)dll.) Faktor ergonomik (cara duduk yg salah, cara Faktor ergonomik (cara duduk yg salah, cara

mengangkat pasien yg salah, dll.)mengangkat pasien yg salah, dll.) Faktor fisik dlm dosis kecil & terus menerus Faktor fisik dlm dosis kecil & terus menerus

(panas pd kulit, radiasi pd sistem (panas pd kulit, radiasi pd sistem reproduksi/darah)reproduksi/darah)

Faktor psikososial (ketegangan di kamar Faktor psikososial (ketegangan di kamar bedah, penerimaan pasien gawat darurat, bedah, penerimaan pasien gawat darurat, bangsal penyakit jiwa, dll.)bangsal penyakit jiwa, dll.)