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Elita De Ovira, 2014 PENGEMBANGAN DAN VALIDASI TES KIMIA DENGAN FRAMEWORK PISA PADA MATERI KELAS XI SEMESTER 1 Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | \.upi.edu perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR ISI

Halaman

PERNYATAAN .................................................................................... i

ABSTRAK ............................................................................................ ii

ABSTRACT .......................................................................................... iii

KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................... iv

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ................................................................ v

DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................... vii

DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................. ix

DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................ x

DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ......................................................................... xi

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang .......................................................................... 1

B. Identifikasi Masalah .................................................................. 5

C. Batasan Masalah ....................................................................... 5

D. Rumusan Masalah ..................................................................... 6

E. Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................... 6

F. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................... 6

BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA DAN KERANGKA PEMIKIRAN

A. Kajian Pustaka ........................................................................... 8

1. Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) .... 8

2. Kerangka Kerja (Framework) PISA ...................................... 10

3. Pengembangan Tes ................................................................ 14

4. Validitas ................................................................................. 20

5. Reliabilitas ............................................................................. 21

6. Wawancara ............................................................................ 22

7. Penelitian Terkait ................................................................... 22

8. Tinjauan Materi Kimia Kelas XI Semester 1 ........................ 23

B. Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................... 24

BAB III METODE PENELITIAN

A. Metode Penelitian......................................................................... 27

B. Validator dan Responden Penelitian ........................................... 27

C. Defenisi Operasional ................................................................... 27

D. Instrumen Penelitian .................................................................... 28


E. Prosedur dan Alur Penelitian ....................................................... 32

F. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ........................................................... 34

G. Teknik Analisis Data .................................................................... 34

BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN

A. Hasil Penelitian .............................................................................. 36

1. Pengembangan Tes Kimia dengan Framework PISA ............... 36

2. Validitas Isi Tes Kimia dengan Framework PISA .................... 37

3. Reliabilitas Tes Kimia dengan Framework PISA ..................... 38

4. Skor pada Tiap Item Tes Kimia dengan Framework PISA ...... 38

5. Respon Guru terhadap Tes Kimia dengan Framework

PISA yang Dikembangkan ........................................................ 41

6. Respon Siswa terhadap Tes Kimia dengan Framework

PISA yang Dikembangkan ........................................................ 44

B. Pembahasan .................................................................................... 47

BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN

A. Simpulan ........................................................................................ 52

B. Saran .............................................................................................. 52

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................. 53

LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................ 55


DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel Halaman

1. Posisi Indonesia dibandingkan negara-negara lain berdasarkan

studi PISA ........................................................................................ 2

2. Konteks pada Penilaian PISA dalam Bidang Sains ......................... 11

3. Kompetensi Proses Sains dalam PISA ............................................ . 12

4. Kategori Pengetahuan Sains PISA dalam Sistem Fisik ................... 13

5. Kompetensi Dasar dan Kisi-kisi Tes Kimia dengan

Framework PISA pada Materi Kelas XI Semester 1 ....................... 30

6. Hasil Pengolahan Nilai CVR dari Tujuh Validator ......................... 37

7. Skor Total dan Skor Total Maksimum setiap Nomor Item Tes ...... 38


DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar Halaman

1. Diagram Framework PISA dalam Bidang Sains ........................... 10

2. Kerangka Berpikir ......................................................................... 26

3. Alur Penelitian ............................................................................... 33

4. Grafik Skor Total dan Skor Total Maksimum setiap Nomor

Item Tes ......................................................................................... 39


DAFTAR LAMPIRAN

Lampiran Halaman

A. Perangkat Tes Kimia .................................................................... 55

B. Instrumen Penelitian ..................................................................... 69

C. Analisis Data Hasil Penelitian ...................................................... 82

D. Data Penunjang Penelitian ........................................................... 86

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