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Final Report

04/10/2014

ANGGER GUFITA (YSU)

The use of waste oil as a fuel for burner


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Outline

1. Introduction

2. PEST analysis

3. Randering

4.Result of discussion

5. Conclusion


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1. Introduction

Indonesia is the world's Largest archipelago, also has the fourth largest population of the world, every

year is increasing rate as shown in figure 1, although many government programs to reduce the number of

birth and much of population in the working ages.

Fig.1 Graph of population indonesia

(Source:www.tradingeconomics.com/indonesia/population)

Population in the working ages is very large so is they created GDP indonesia every year is increasing

as shown in figure 2 they are need a facilities to support activities for mobility, it caused they all buy

vehicle to support their activities go to workplace.

Fig.2 Graph of working ages (Source: World Population Prospects)

The working age in mostly between 25 years old -54 years old and every years is increasing. and

more are working various jobs while there are still a lot of unemployment this makes GDP increase.
http://www.tradingeconomics.com/indonesia/populationhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/indonesia/populationhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/indonesia/populationhttp://www.tradingeconomics.com/indonesia/population


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Fig.3 Graph of GDP indonesia

(Source:http://ecodb.net/country/ID/imf_gdp2.html)

Vehicle ownership in indonesia is increasing every year as shown in figure 4, buy the motorcycle not

only needs but had a motorcycle is desire of the people indonesia and become the culture in indonesia and

then it caused the quantity of waste oil is increasing because the vehicle require routine maintenance plus

replacement of lubricating oil.

Fig.4 Graph of vehicle ownership (Source: http://bps.go.id/tab_sub/view.php)

The amount of waste oil quantity in indonesia is over production as shown in figure 5 and creates a

new problem because mostly waste oil in indonesia dumping into enviroment by individual or industrial

illegally, it caused by people indonesia has culture for dumping waste into environment carelessly and

don't care of the effect by waste oil. This causes a lot of environmental damage caused by waste oil.
http://ecodb.net/country/ID/imf_gdp2.htmlhttp://ecodb.net/country/ID/imf_gdp2.htmlhttp://ecodb.net/country/ID/imf_gdp2.htmlhttp://ecodb.net/country/ID/imf_gdp2.html


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Fig.5 the quantity of waste oil (Source: Indonesian Police & Indonesian Statistical Center)

Beside the waste oil is very dangerous because it is flammable and bad for health if taken into the

body because they contain heavy metals results from lubrication, I show the table about problems and

effect of waste oil as shown in figure 6.Whereas the existing goverment regulations for the treatment of hazardous and toxic waste and waste

oil including hazardous waste. Mostly they dispose into the environment because it cannot to process

waste oil and do not know benefits of used waste oil could to generate the heat energy.

Fig.6 problem and effect of waste oil

Whereas in indonesia and in other countries many companies that require heat energy. Needed a

technology that can harness energy from waste oil to heat energy to be used by industries that require heat

energy as the casting industries or industries that use boilers. The use of used oil to produce heat energy

produces little smoke that is safe for the environment energy produced was sufficient for production

activities. Also will add new jobs to those who want to make business with machines that produce heat at

an affordable price and that will reduce the problem of unemployment.


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2. PEST ANALYSIS

PEST analysis is a method to understand matters that influence business activity by analyzing degree

of influence and change of outside environment.

PEST are initial word of the following things

PPolitical

EEconomic

SSocial

TTechnology

a. Politics

It is what government is to create a policy on waste management storage, collection, carriage,

utilization, processing and hoarding so as to not damage environment, that environment needs to be

preserved so that it remains able to support the implementation of sustainable development and that the

environment needs to be preserved so that it remains able to support the implementation of sustainable

development (Government Regulation No. 18 year 1999 ). Government give a permission to utilize wasteoil (Government Regulation No. 18 year 1999, Article 42 )

The government regulations it means is give support make a technologies utilizing waste oil to

produce the heat energy.

We believe that can develop a more energy efficient with support of government. Further by have

permission support of Government and began to development of new technologies to utilize waste oil.

b. Economy

Current GDP of Indonesia is increases every year due to the population increases, it caused mostly

people in the working ages make a rises consumption, investation and purchase by government nor the

export tends to GDP increases, example GDP data until 2012 years in figure 7.

Fig.7 GDP of indonesia and the neighbors

(Source:http://kushnirs.org/macroeconomics/gdp/gdp_indonesia.html)

With the current economy and mostly people in indonesian much on the working ages, it caused

create GDP is increasing and their require facilities to support activities especially needs a vehicle go to

workplace. And then vehicle ownership in indonesia is increasing year by year mainly motorcycle

ownership. The vehicle indonesia is very much (tribunnews.com).

Second problem is of the lack of production in crude oil, large consumption large consumption

make a price of crude oil is very expensive and waste oil quantity is over production as shown in figure

8 and then we need to find an alternative/solution which is waste oil to produce more energy keep save the

environment.


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Fig.8 comparison of the production oil & consumption

(Source: BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2013)

c. Social

Population in indonesia is biggest fourth in the world as shown in figure 9, and the mostly culture of

the people indonesia dont care with the effect of the risk which they did now. And nothing desire to take

advantage of something that they do not know the benefits and the profit.

Fig.9 the amount of population (Source: www.datastatistik-indonesia.com)

We hope that utilizing waste oil can change culture of the people indonesia, that the waste oil also

has an advantage for produce the heat energy and future to more concerned with the environment as show

in figure 10.

Fig.10 the improvisation can change culture in indonesia


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d. Technology

The usually burner that uses LPG, DIESEL FUEL and etc as fuel to operate production the burner

that uses it as fuel has a advantages and disadvantages as shown in figure 11.

Fig.11 specific burner that uses LPG as fule (Source: www.pertamina.com)

The new alternative energy for burner machine that uses waste oil as fuel and keep the

environment its caused poluted by waste oil, and then we as shown in figure 12 about the specific of

burner that uses waste oil as fuel, for the completed burner machine can you shown in figure 16.

Fig.12 specific burner that uses waste oil as fule (Source:eprints.uns.ac.id/3317/1/142641208201012371.pdf)

Indonesian government support give a permission to develop technologies that uses waste oil to

produce heat energy and can be to keep of the environmental damage caused by waste oil dump into

environment.

Therefore we can explore the energy that can be generated waste oil with technolgies that we make

that burner and the results of the design we make an nozzle with some variants hole to produce the fuel

mixture is smooth and homogeneous, and can be adjuster easily to find a mixture of air fuel ratio right as

shown in figure 13.


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Fig.13 Nozzle design

The second design is burner steam with the air supplied by vaporizing water it caused by the heat

transfer from body burner and the high pressure from compressor as starting to ignited pressure in the

burner until 4 bar as shown in fig14 and fig 15.

Fig.14 burner design

Adjuster

Inlet oil

Inlet air

Spray hole

variants

nozzle holes

Chamber

Water tank

Steam pressurized case


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Fig.15 burner process

Fig.16 burner that uses waste oil as fuel


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4. Result of discussion

From the data we get we discuss and get to the point that waste oil have potential energy to

generate the heat energy. Because the energy from the LPG fuel etc will be out of stock andthen the price more expensive for buying. If we dont utilize something has a potential

energy, someday Indonesia will get energy crisis problem.

From the problem caused by the waste oil quantity increase we know that Indonesia has many

potential of waste oil . But from the data we get, we know that the energy content is not more

by LPG as fuel. And from analyze the data we get that waste oil energy content is the

cheapest one. We can use waste oil as fuel become .the heat energy.

From analyze the design of burner machine we use the nozzle with variants hole to formation

of fine particles (atomizer) and Improving air-fuel mixture ratio.

the second design is burner with the air supplied by vaporizing water.

5. Conclusion

Waste oil is increased become a problem in Indonesia has an benefits and the profit it caused

by was te oil can be producing heat to provide energy with uses burner.

We must to develop this technologies for more power and efficiently by using the burner

machine

With the burner machine can change the culture of people indonesia for more concerned

about environment, it caused by using the burner that uses waste oil has a profit, benefit, more

advatanges and etc.

It is also important to make it easier to operate and have a low production cost

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