kuliah 2 - credibility2015
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7/21/2019 Kuliah 2 - Credibility2015
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VALIDITY &
RELIABILITY
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Qualitative researchers study thingsin their natural settings, attemptingto make sense of phenomenon orinterpret phenomenon
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According to qualitativeresearch:
Researchers can only come tounderstand the social world throughparticipants interpretations
interpretative approach
Reality is diverse and multifaceted!he goal is to get a picture of thisreality !o measure means to reduce it and therefore lose meaning
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"R#!#"$ %& Q'A(#!A!#)* R*$*AR"+
(ack of reliaility and validity of its-ndings
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BASES OF VALIDITY IN
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
BASES OF VALIDITY IN
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Controllability Natural
Isolation, ontrol, !ani"ulation o#$ariabl%s
T&i' (%sri"tion
R%"liability Uni)u%n%ss
*r%(itabilityE!%r+%n%, un"r%(itability
%n%rali-ability Uni)u%n%ss
Cont%.t/#r%%(o! Cont%.t/boun(%(n%ss
Fra+!%ntation an( ato!i-ation Holis!
Ran(o!i-ation o# sa!"l%s *ur"osi$% sa!"l%0no sa!"lin+
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BASES OF RELIABILITY IN
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
BASES OF RELIABILITY IN
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
R%liability D%"%n(ability
D%!onstrability Trust5ort&in%ss
Stability an( r%"liability Stability an( r%"liability
*arall%l #or!s *arall%l #or!s
Cont%.t/#r%%(o! Cont%.t/s"%i#iity
Ob1%ti$ity Aut&%ntiity an( on#ir!ability
Co$%ra+% o# (o!ain Co!"r%&%nsi$%n%ss o# situation
V%ri#iation o# (ata an( analysis Hon%sty an( an(our
Ans5%rin+ r%s%ar& )u%stions D%"t& o# r%s"ons%
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)A(#.#!/
Validity in qualitative research often
concerns: honesty, richness, authenticity,
depth, scope, subjectivity, strength of
feeling, catching uniqueness, idiographic
statements.
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)A(#.#!/ #0 Q'A(#!A!#)*
R*$*AR"+
1uch less direct than in quantitativeresearch
Realist prospective
#nductive research
0ot to eliminate the validity threat
2ant to "(AR#&/
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RELIABILITY IN QUALITATIVE
RESEARCH
Cr%(ibility
N%utrality
Con#ir!ability D%"%n(ability
Consist%ny
A""liability Trust5ort&in%ss
Trans#%rability
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)A(#.#!/ #0 Q'A(#!A!#)* R*$*AR"+
Validity in qualitative research cumulative, communicative,arumentative, ecoloical!
"ih #ecause$ Data o#tained %rom the eld
'le(i#le in data collection
)ommunication is im*ortant
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!ype of validity
.*$"R#3!#)* )A(#.#!/
#0!*R3R*!#)* )A(#.#!/
!+*%R*!#"A( )A(#.#!/ 4*0*RA(#5A6##(!/
*)A('A!#%0
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.escriptive validity
!he factual accuracy of the accountas reported y the researcher reportage
refer to a speci-c event orsituation
they could e attained with
intersu7ective agreement
0o account can include everythingwith accuracy
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#nterpretive )alidity
!he degree to which the participantsviewpoints, thoughts, intentions ande8periences are accurately understood andreported y the qualitative researcher
9emic account is a description ehavior orelief in terms meaningful to the actor that is,an emic account in culture speci-c
9etic account is a description of a ehavior orelief y an oserver, in terms that can eapplied to other cultures that is, an eticaccount is 9culturally neutral
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!heoretical )alidity
!he degree to which a theory ortheoretical e8planation developedfrom a research study -ts the data
and is, therefore, credile anddefensile
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4enerali;aility e8ternal validity
*8ternal validity is important whenthe researcher wants to generatefrom a set of research -ndings to
other people settings, and times
Ty*ically enerali+a#ility is notthe maor *ur*ose o% qualitative
research 3rovides a more persuasive
argument
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*valuative )alidity
!he degree to which a researcher is7usti-ed in concluding that anoserved relationship is causal 1ore
often, qualitative researchers areconcerned with studying andunderstanding a process rather than
identifying cause and e
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A study is
trust-orthy i%,and only i%, thereader o% the
reseach re*ort
ude it to #e so./Rol%e, 0112=
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!riangulation > a cross?checking ofinformation and conclusions in research,rought aout y the use of multiple
procedures or sources #f there is agreementetween these, there is support of theinterpretation of data
'sing triangulation does not mean you get acertain truth, ut you get closer to it re@e8ivity is still necessary
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*8ample of triangulation
techniques:
1ethod triangulation "omparing data that comefrom the use of di
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Qualitative Research Methods:
Trianulation
1ethod to enhancethe validity reliaility of
qualitative research *nhances accuracy
of interpretation
"on-rms that thedata collected is notdue to chance orcircum?stances
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Qualitative Research Design:
Trianulation
Coll%t (ata #ro!
!ulti"l% sour%s
Coll%t (ata in!ulti"l% 5ays #ro!
sub1%ts
Coll%t (i##%r%nt'in(s o# (ata in
!ulti"l% 5ays #ro!
!ulti"l% sub1%ts
For example:
4ay int%r$i%5 t%a&%rs,
"rini"als 6 "ar%nts
4ay int%r$i%5 6
obs%r$% stu(%nts
4ay r%$i%5 stu(%ntr%or(s, int%r$i%5
t%a&%rs, obs%r$%
stu(%nts
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Multiple data
sources
Multiple
kinds of data
Multiple data
collection strategies
Subjects
(data sources)
Data collection
strategies
Kinds of data
Qualitative Research Design:
Trianulation
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*8ample of triangulation
techniques:
1ethod triangulation "omparing data that comefrom the use of di
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"riteria for 7udging quantitative andqualitative research
"rediility #nternal validity!rustworthyness +ow elievale are the research conclusionsB "onclusions and interpretations are
6readth and deapth is gathered correct as variales are well de-ned and measures well controlled
!ransferaility 4enerali;aility!he conte8t is well descried as it is unlikely that !he research conclusions can e applied toit wont have an impact on the -ndings .i
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